2015-09-29更新GMAT语法机经
Q6
考点记得有Unlike, Wereas, not only but also,现在分词做后置定语，有个each的独立主格
Unlike
Unlike the zoo, the park charges no admission. -->correct
In contrast to the zoo, the park charges no admission. -->correct
In contrast with the zoo, the park charges no admission. -->correct
wereas? 还是 whereas?
关于的not noly……but also用法解析：
not only … but (also)
eg(GWD-8-Q20):
Not only did the systematic clearing of forests in the United States create farmland (especially in the Northeast) and gave consumers relatively inexpensive houses and furniture, but it also caused erosion and very quickly deforested whole regions.
A.
B. Not only did the systematic clearing of forests in the United States create farmland (especially in the Northeast), which gave consumers relatively inexpensive houses and furniture, but also
C. The systematic clearing of forests in the United States, creating farmland (especially in the Northeast) and giving consumers relatively inexpensive houses and furniture, but also
D. The systematic clearing of forests in the United States created farmland (especially in the Northeast) and gave consumers relatively inexpensive houses and furniture, but it also
E. The systematic clearing of forests in the United States not only created farmland (especially in the Northeast), giving consumers relatively inexpensive houses and furniture, but it
分析:
Rhetorically, the "not only ... but also" construction is used for 2 parallel items that reinforce each other.
eg:
Weight training not only increases muscle mass and strength but also boosts bone density. --> notice that the two effects mentioned are both positive effects.
in this sentence, the 2 effects are contrasting: the first half (farmland/houses/furniture) is positive, but the second half (erosion/deforestation) is negative.
thus, "not only ... but also" is inappropriate; just use traditional "but (also)", by itself, instead. that's exactly what choice (d) does.
现在分词做后置定语
Present participles get their tense from the main verb in the sentence.
PAST: I saw a man cleaning the steps. (cleaning takes place in the past)
Present: I see a man cleaning the steps. (cleaning takes place in the present)
Future: I will see a man cleaning the steps. (cleaning takes place in the future)
Thus, if you want the cleaning to take place at a different time from the seeing, then use the relative clause, not the participle.
eg(OG13-25):
Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are now drawing solid conclusions about how the human brain grows and how babies acquire language.
A.
B. Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are
C. Neuroscientists amassing a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are
D. Neuroscientists have amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood,
E. Neuroscientists have amassed, over the past twenty years, a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood.
选项DE中,“now drawing” 能从主句“have assumed”中获得时态么? 不能! 因为一个是一般现在时，一个是现在完成时。
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