这个题型表格中涵盖了GMAT逻辑的极大典型列题，虽然是全英文解释，但是图表将每种题型划分的比较清晰，所以相对来说格式清晰，一目了然。
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Types |
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WEAKEN |
STRENGTHEN |
ASSUMPTION |
EVALUATION |
PARADOX |
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Type1: Premise==> Concluion |
Show sth. that makes the premise unvalid |
1. Fill the GAP 2. Show sth. that strengthen the link. 3. Show that the change that can make the premise unvalid does not exist |
1. Fill the GAP 2. Show sth. that strengthen the link. 3. Show that the change that can make the premise unvalid does not exist |
1. Question whether there is a change that can make the premise unvalid for the conclusion. |
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Specific Case of Type 1 A) Poposed Measure B) Findings==> Result Attention Here! You must pay close attention to the specifics of the target of the survey or finding. |
A) Show that sth. that hamper the measure from reaching the effect. B) Show sth. wrong with the data |
A) Show that the thing that hampers the effect does not exist. / Show sth. that helps to reach the effect. B) Show nothing is wrong with the data. |
A) Show that the thing that hampers the effect does not exist. / Show sth. that helps to reach the effect. B) Show nothing is wrong with the data. |
A) Question whether there is something that can hamper the intended result B) Question whether there is sth. wrong with the data |
Sth. is done, but does not have the intended effect ==>Sth. hampers it. Sth. should not be done, but you do it ==> Sth. strengthen the decision. |
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Specific Case of Type 1 纵向变化 |
This type of question is somewhat the most complicated, since it requires lots of thinking. When referring to "Vertical Changes", we must consider, decide, and find the factors that are crucial to such changes. For example, Profits= Revenue- Cost = Price* Sales- Cost, if we are given price and cost, we must immediately know that "sales" is also a very curical factor to determine whether the profits will increase. The same applys to many other things of such "Vertical Changes" problems. 【The most crucial principle here is that the factor we are finding mustclosely related to the changes, we are only required to find a factor that has the direct impact on the stated changes, not other things!!!】Q107 For weanken questions, if the conclusion is sth. will increase, we must find a relevent factor that makes it not increase (even decrease) For strengthen/assumption questions, if the conclusion is sth. will increase, we must find that the factor that will make it decrease does not exist, or sth. that strengthen the conclusion will exist. For evaluate questions, we must question whether there is sth. that may offset the change? |
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Type2: Comparison 【即时刻记住你要干什么，你要比什么，对象是什么。】 |
In this type, we are required to compare two things. For instance, A is superior than B, A is more expensive than B, and so on. To deal with this type of question, we should remind the following rule: 1. Remeber, this type of question is still a subtype of type1, so we must confine in the same reasoning. (也就是说，要削弱的时候一定要记着要逆着作者思维去想；要加强的时候，要顺着作者思维去想) 2. The correct answer must imply a comparisonbetween the two things that should be compared. The correct answer must have implied about both the things that should be compared! 3. Pay close attention to the specifics that should be compared. Do not compare other things that are not required to be compared. For weaken questions, we undermine the given comparison ==> We may show some changes that make the initial comparison unvalid. For strengthen/ assumption questions, we strengthen the given comparison ==> We may show that the anticipated objection does not exist. OR We may just find something that strengthen the comparsion. For evaluate questions, we should question the comparison==> Is there anything that question the comparison? |
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Type3: Analogy |
Basically, this type is the same as type2 If similarity is shown, then show dissimilarity If difference is shown, then show similarity. |
If similarity is shown, show no dissimilarity. If difference is shown, then show no similarity. |
If similarity is shown, show no dissimilarity. If difference is shown, then show no similarity. |
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If show 2 things that do not have the same consequence ==>Try to show dissimilarity between these 2 things Vice Versa |
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Type4: 因果型结论 From premise/ finding/ fact, get a conclusion that explains sth. |
1. 否定果（因果关系中的结果不会产生，或是产生相反的结果） |
1. Show the effect occurs, the result occurs. 2. Show no effect, no result. 3. Show no other explaination. 4. Show the nexus is not reversed. 5. Show data has no problem. |
1. Show the effect occurs, the result occurs. 2. Show no effect, no result. 3. Show no other explaination. 4. Show the nexus is not reversed. 5. Show data has no problem. |
1. Question whether there are examples showing that when effect occurs, the result does not. 2. Question whether there are possible other expaination. |
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Else |
Again, Number & Percentage Problems |
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注意：永远记着re-flow的过程，哪怕不能帮你prehpase答案，也能帮你过一遍题目。
1. 今天开始做weaken题的感觉==>遇到类比题的时候，对那些不熟悉的名词的敏感度还是不够，需要加强。 此外，再重新flow的时候仍然不够清楚，要加强
2. 复习到Strengthen题的感觉==>大部分题还是去顺着去想，作者说从A推到B，去记着找支持A推到B的选项，不要一味寻找排除A不存在的选项
3. 其实最重要的点仍然是去抓结论，只有抓到结论你才能知道作者想干什么，然后你应该以何种方式支持或削弱它
4. 对象，抓住哪个是最直接的影响对象==>尤其适用于纵向变化的题，但是所有题都应该注意!
5. Evaluation题的一些典型问题：有些东西已经被explictly stated in the stimulus, 有些变化对于二者来说是一样的, 一定要把握住所要叙述的重点是哪里
6. Assumption: 选出答案后，时间允许要记得取非，查看一下答案是否正确。
7. Paradox: 矛盾点是什么，在哪里，甚至在时间轴上是处于哪个阶段的矛盾?把这些问题搞清楚，一切就简单了。
