本文为各位考生整理了GMAT逻辑Assumption题的解题要点,希望对考生们的GMAT考试有所帮助:
例题分析
1.In recent years, attacks by Dobermans on small children have risen dramatically. Last year saw 35 such attacks in the continental United States alone, an inrease of almost 21% over the previous year's total. Clearly, then, it is unsafe to keep dogs as pets if one has small children in the house.
The argument above depends upon which of the following assumptions?
原文大意:
因为——D攻击小孩次数增多(D攻击小孩)
所以——有小孩的不要养狗。(狗不安全)
关键词:
因为——D
所以——狗
只有在D和狗之间建立连接,才能使因为和所以顺理成章。
比较:
D=狗
分析到这里,你就要到答案中找有D和狗这两个关键词的选项。记住,任何只存在一个关键词的选项,在大多情况下部正确。
答案:The behavior toward small children exhibited by Dobermans is representative of dogs in general.
2.The increase in the number of newspaper articles exposed as fabrications serves to bolster the contention that publishers are more interested in boosting circulation than in printing the truth. Even minor publications have staffs to check such obvious fraud.
The argument above assumes that?
原文大意:
因为——出版商喜欢发行量>真实
所以——虚假报道增多
关键词:
因为——出版商
所以——虚假报道
比较:
出版商decide虚假报道
答案:The publisher of newspapers are the people who decide what to print in their newspaper.
本题关键是找出因果,一般来说,原因在前,结果在后,本题恰好用serve to颠倒了这个顺序,增加了难度。
3. This editorial cannot be a good argument because it is barely literate. Run-on sentences, slang, and perfectly dreadful grammar appear regularly throughout. Anything that poorly written cannot be making very much sense.
Which of the following identifies an assumption in the argument above?
原文大意:
因为——(1)这个期刊是文学;用的都是不好的句子、语法;
(2)用不好的句子、语法写作的文章,不是argument
所以——这个期刊不是argument。
关键词:
因为——语言
所以——argument
很显然,因为中的两个因为,都是以“不好的句子、语法”做桥梁,所以,因为中的关键词就是“烂语言”(简化为“语言”)
比较:
语言=argument。
我们可以从中推出,答案可以说“烂语言不是argument“,也可以说“好语言是argument“。但是,请记住,单纯重复原文的选项不太可能出现,因此,也就鲜为正确答案。所以,基本可以肯定答案是第二种。
答案:The language of an argument is indicative of its validity.
总结
综上所述,该类题的解题方法就是“找到关键词进行比较”。因此,你要在看到题干时立刻反映出要去找关键词。这样,在读原文的时候就会有的放矢。记住,大多正确答案都会包括两个关键词,而不是一个。
另外,Flaw题和assumption题比较相似,都是找到关键词进行比较,区别在于assumption题支持结论,而flaw题反对结论。仅举一例为证:
Time and time again, it has been shown that students who attend colleges with low faculty/student ratios get the most well-rounded education. As a result, when my children are ready for college, I'll be sure they attend a school with a very small student population.
Which of the following, if true, identifies the greatest flaw in the reasoning above?
原文大意:
因为——老师/学生的比例高,导致学生好
所以——要参加学生少的学校
关键词:
因为——老师/学生的比例
所以——学生
比较:
学生=老师/学生的比例
很显然,这就是缺陷所在,学生不能代表老师/学生的比例。如果题干问你assumption,你就要选择“学生能代表这个比例”。
答案:A very small student population does not, by itself, ensure a low faculty/student ratio.
您还可能关注:

