在GMAT阅读考试中,类比题是经常会考到的一种题型,考生在备考阶段一定要熟练掌握正确的解答方法。前面百利天下小编已经为大家讲解了根据逻辑框架解答GMAT阅读态度题,今天小编为大家带来的是利用细节信息解答GMAT阅读类比题。
GMAT阅读类比题解答技巧
类比题测试的是考生区分作者所阐述的情形或观点和与之相应的情形或观点之间的关系的能力。类比题可能会要求考生找出一个假设的情形,这个情形与文中阐述的情形相似,相对应或者可比较;或者要求考生把文中阐述的观点适用于一个作者没有提到过的情形;或者要求考生根据文中的阐述识别作者可能赞成或者反对的观点。
要回答这类问题,考生要做的不能仅限于回忆你所读到的。必须深刻认识到文中表述的观点或情形的实质属性,这样当它们以不同的词语的形式出现在完全陌生的环境中时就可以迅速把它们识别出来。碰到这种题的时候,不要贸然看选项,而要先注意题干的提炼。也就是原文的事例到底是怎样一种情况。它只是一种大致含义的相似,而不是精细的词义对仗。
下面小编就结合prep07 Essay 8阅读的题目为大家做详细介绍:
In terrestrial environments, gravity places special demands on the cardiovascular systems of animals. Gravitational pressure can cause blood to pool in the lower regions of the body, making it difficult to circulate blood to critical organs such as the brain.
Terrestrial snakes, in particular, exhibit adaptations that aid in circulating blood against the force of gravity.
The problem confronting terrestrial snakes is best illustrated by what happens to sea snakes when removed from their supportive medium. Because the vertical pressure gradients within the blood vessels are counteracted by similar pressure gradients in the surrounding water, the distribution of blood throughout the body of sea snakes remains about the same regardless of their orientation in space, provided they remain in the ocean. When removed from the water and tilted at various angles with the head up, however, blood pressure at their midpoint drops significantly, and at brain level falls to zero. That many terrestrial snakes in similar spatial orientations do not experience this kind of circulatory failure suggests that certain adaptations enable them to regulate blood pressure more effectively in those orientations..….
文章脉络分析:
以一个常见的现象为总起,提出蛇会对重力现象有所适应---以水蛇作为例子,水蛇如果拿到陆地上就会出现脑部血压为0 的情况,陆蛇不会---必然有适应性存在---适应性是什么。更多相关内容请点击》快速提升GMAT阅读能力必备题材分析之女性类。
Question 25:
The passage provides information in support of which of the following assertions?
(A) The disadvantages of an adaptation to a particular feature of an environment often outweigh the advantages of such an adaptation.
(B) An organism's reaction to being placed in an environment to which it is not well adapted can sometimes illustrate the problems that have been solved by the adaptations of organisms indigenous to that environment.
(C) The effectiveness of an organism's adaptation to a particular feature of its environment can only be evaluated by examining the effectiveness with which organisms of other species have adapted to a similar feature of a different environment.
(D) Organisms of the same species that inhabit strikingly different environments will often adapt in remarkably similar ways to the few features of those environments that are common.
(E) Different species of organisms living in the same environment will seldom adapt to features of that environment in the same way.
分析:类比应用应用(Application)旨在考察我们对文章细节的深度认知,并达到可以应用总结的地步。这个题目很难定位,即是要对于全文的细节做一个了解,然后选择。首先观察选项内容会发现,这道题的错误选项基本都是文章中没有提到的。然后结合题干中提到的有用信息可以定位到文章的第二段。更多相关内容请点击》GMAT阅读实战技巧一览。
选项分析:
(A) 一个对特定环境特征的适应性的缺点远大于这个适应性的优点。文中没有提到过适应性的优缺点问题,这个选项属于无中生有。
(B) 正确。一个生物体在被放到一个不适应的环境时有时会说明那些被适应这个环境的适应性所解决的问题。这个选项可以定位在第二段中,水蛇被拿出水自然适应不了陆地的重力系统,但是与水蛇有相似特征的陆地蛇并没有死,这就说明了陆地蛇必然有适应性存在。并且这个适应性解决了这个重力的问题。与该选项的意思相符。
(C) 生物体对特定环境的独特特征的适应性的有效与否只能通过这个生物群体的其他物种适应的不同环境的同样特征的有效性来检验。在选择中,尽量避开文中没有明显提及的“极端”词汇。比如这个选项的“only”。另外,这个选项的内容在文中也没有明显涉及。
(D) 同种类的生物体居住在极为不同的环境中通常对这些环境的为数不多的相同点有着显著的相同的适应方法。文中没有提及这个选项的内容,无中生有。
(E) 不同物种的生命体在相同的环境下不会用同样的方法适应环境的特征。这个选项没有根据。文中也没有提及说不同物种的适应方法。
因此,正确答案为B。
以上就是利用细节信息解答GMAT阅读类比题的主要内容,希望考生能够对文章中介绍的解题方法有所了解并不断提升自己的解题能力。更多关于GMAT备考的资讯小编会持续为大家送上,祝大家早日梦圆名校。
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