类比题是GMAT阅读考试中的七大题型之一，考生要想获得阅读高分一定要掌握类比题的正确解法。本文小编为大家带来的是GMAT阅读类比题OG13真题解析，希望对大家的阅读备考有帮助。
类比题简单来说就是举一反三，文章中通常会给出一个原则或者情况进行对比分析，它出现的方式是：以下哪个选项的描述与原文的叙述相似。面对类比题，考生不要着急看选项，而要先注意题干的提炼，搞清楚原文的事例到底是怎样一种情况。掌握文章中的来龙去脉就能把握解题的核心。类比题只是一种大致含义的相似，而不是精细的词义对仗，考生在做题时要灵活变通。接下来小编将结合OG13的阅读题目为大家详细介绍一下：
While the most abundant and dominant species within a particular ecosystem is often crucial in perpetuating the ecosystem, a “keystone” species, here defined as one whose effects are much larger than would be predicted from its appearance, also play a vital role. But because complex species interactions may be involved, identifying a keystone species by removing the species and observing changes in the ecosystem is problematic. It might seem that certain traits would clearly define a species as a keystone species; for example, Pisaster ochraceus is often a keystone predator because it consumes and suppresses mussel populations, which in the absence of this starfish can be a dominant species. But such predation on a dominant or potentially dominant species occurs in systems that do as well as in systems that do not have species that play keystone roles. Moreover, whereas P. ochraceus occupies an unambiguous keystone role on wave-exposed rocky headlands, in more wave-sheltered habitats the impact of P. ochraceus predation is weak or nonexistent, and at certain sites sand burial is responsible for eliminating mussels. Keystone status appears to depend on context, whether of particular geography or of such factors as community diversity (for example, a reduction in species diversity may thrust more of the remaining species into keystone roles) and length of species interaction (since newly arrived species in particular may dramatically affect ecosystem).
1. 分析文章结构：
解释结论型(首句指出文章讨论主题：keystone species vs. dominant species，介绍优势物种和基础物种的作用。)
2. 理清文章脉络：
首句指出文章讨论主题：keystone species vs. dominant species，介绍优势物种和基础物种的作用。
第二句：说明辨别基础物种方法困难，But because..., identifying a keystone species is problematic.
第三、四、五句：举例紫海星说明辨别方法困难及原因for example, Pisaster ochraceus… But… Moreover…
末句总结：指出Keystone status appears to depend on context。更多相关内容请点击》怎样改掉GMAT阅读坏习惯。
3. 问题解答：
112. Which of the following hypothetical experiments most clearly exemplifies the method of identifying species' roles that the author considers problematic?
(A) A population of seals in an Arctic habitat is counted in order to determine whether it is the dominant species in that ecosystem.
(B) A species of fish that is a keystone species in one marine ecosystem is introduced into another marine ecosystem to see whether the species will come to occupy a keystone role.
(C) In order to determine whether a species of monkey is a keystone species within a particular ecosystem, the monkeys are removed from that ecosystem and the ecosystem is then studied.
(D) Different mountain ecosystems are compared to determine how geography affects a particular species' ability to dominate its ecosystem.
(E) In a grassland experiencing a changing climate, patterns of species extinction are traced in order to evaluate the effect of climate changes on keystone species in that grassland.
题目释义：类比题目(Application)
选项分析：定位But because complex species interactions may be involved, identifying a keystone species by removing the species and observing changes in the ecosystem is problematic.
(A) 把北极的海豹数量计算在内以决定是否是此生态系统内的优势物种，不正确。
(B) 在某一海洋生态系统内的基础物种鱼类放到另一生态系统以确定是否是基础物种，不正确。
(C) 为决定某一猴类是否为某一生态系统内的基础物种，把猴类从此生态系统移除之后再研究，与定位处所说实验方法相同，正确。
(D) 不同的山地生态系统对比以决定地理是如何影响一个特定物种占据此生态系统的能力，不正确。
(E) 在牧场经历换季的时候，追踪物种灭绝的模式以评估气候变化对牧场基础物种的影响，不正确。
以上是关于GMAT阅读类比题OG13真题解析的详细内容，希望大家也能从中受益，不断改进自己的备考方法提升备考效率，从而写出漂亮的文章获得满意的成绩。更多相关内容百利天下小编会持续为大家送上，祝大家都能早日梦圆名校。
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