GMAT语法中that which的使用辨析，下面是两个典型的例题及解析：
1、Scientists have observed large concentrations of heavy-metal deposits in the upper twenty centimeters of Baltic Sea sediments, which are consistent with the growth of industrial activity there.
(A) Baltic Sea sediments, which are consistent with the growth of industrial activity there
(B) Baltic Sea sediments, where the growth of industrial activity is consistent with these findings
(C) Baltic Sea sediments, findings consistent with its growth of industrial activity
(D) sediments from the Baltic Sea, findings consistent with the growth of industrial activity in the area
(E) sediments from the Baltic Sea, consistent with the growth of industrial activity there
波罗的海
答案D为啥A不对？
which是可以跳过介词短语或者插入语的，但是不能跳过谓语动词。“svo,which指代s一定错!!!”但这题中which跳跃多远都不对，这里WHICH是指代前面整个句子的意思，而这在GMAT中是一定错的。sediments are consistent with the growth of industrial activity there逻辑意思有错误，只有finding，result，means，forms之类的抽象名词才能be consistent with , 某个具体的东西不行。
that用法：
适用范围
(1)不定代词为先行词
(2)any , all, each, every, little, few, no, much, many为先行词
(3)“人+物”为先行词
序数词为先行词
最高级为先行词
例句：The boy and the bike that are in the room……
(4)the only, the very, the most为先行词(注意，the不可省略)
1.定语从句：
a.subject+verb.+object+that+verb.+object，
that就近指代修饰离that最近的名词
2.定语从句中出现后置定语(介词短语分词)S+verb+O+(prep+C)+that+verb.+object
S+verb+O+that+verb+O+(prep+c)
3.that不能指代“人物”
4,sth that …and that(that不可省略)
2、Carnivorous mammals can endure what would otherwise be lethal levels of body heat because they have a heat-exchange network which kept the brain from getting too hot.
(A) which kept
(B) that keeps
(C) which has kept
(D) that has been keeping
(E) having kept
答案B， In (A) and (C), which introduces a restrictive clause. Some writers follow the convention that which can only be used for nonrestrictive clauses, but insistence on this rule is controversial, and both (A) and (C) can be rejected on other grounds.
Salt deposits and moisture threaten to destroy the Mohenjo-Daro excavation in Pakistan, the siteof an ancient civilizationthat flourished at the same time as the civilizations in the Nile Delta and the river valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates.
(A) that flurished at the same time as the civilizations
(B) that had flourished at the same time as had the civilizations
(C) that flourished at the same time those had
(D) flourishing at the same time as those did
(E) flourishing at the same time as those were
答案A
0G12-126 The use of lie detectors is based on the assumption that lying produces emotional reactions in an individual that, in turn, create unconscious physiological responses.
(A) that, in turn, create unconscious physiological responses
(B) that creates unconscious physiological responses in turn
(C) creating, in turn, unconscious physiological responses
(D) to create, in turn, physiological responses that are unconscious
(E) who creates unconscious physiological responses in turn
答案A，that跳跃一个介宾结构修饰reactions这题有意思的地方还在于E干扰选项，who紧跟在individual后面，出题机构现在变得很阴险，如果不去理解逻辑意思只是快速看语法修饰，很容易误选E。
所以也验证了很多同学说的，现在语法比以前更倾向于从句子逻辑角度出题考。
上述就是有关GMAT语法中that which的使用辨析，希望大家能够深入了解GMAT语法知识点，更好地备考。
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