小编就GMAT语法中的平行结构为大家做详细介绍，以加深考生记忆，希望大家顺利备考GMAT语法。
1、 平行结构
(1) 平行结构的对称：
Ø 形式对称；
Ø 主动与被动可以对称；现在分词与过去分词可以对称；
Ø 语法对称，如to do is to do …
Ø 单复数对称，如unlike a typical automobile loan， a lease loan…
Ø 时态对称；
Ø 比较级别上对称；
Ø 意义上对称：如动作性名词对称结构；
a 动作性名词-----动作性名词
Duty assignment and the staffing of people (不是the staff)
动作性名词
The onset， the assignment， the staffing， the splitting apart (裂开)
动词ing前面加the 就变成名词
b 两个句子用and连接，最好主语一致
To Ann， Paris is her home and she remained in France during WWII。
Ann made Paris her home and she remained in France during WWII。
Ø 如果不能完全对称，也可以部分对称，如in part 就与partly不对称
(2) 省略：…to do A， to do B and to do C 可以变为to do A， do B and do C； 把to 改为can一样成立，be也可以省略，一般把to， be 省略的都是正确答案，注意要么全有，要么全省。
(3) 注意平行结构的各个部分是否前后搭配得当，如adj+ 名词A and/or +名词2 以及动词A and/or动词B+名词，应该分别考虑能否搭配问题。
(4) 注意大平行中有小平行，而且平行结构最后一个item之前要有and连接，搞清楚谁与谁平行。
Minivans carry as many as seven passengers and， compared with most sport utility vehicles， cost less， get better gas mileage， allow passengers to get in and out more easily， and have a smoother ride。 (carry和后面动作是大平行，cost， get， allow， have 这四个是小平行，因为carry这个动作没有参加compared，而是自成一个层次，而另外的四个动词是compared的项目，它们自己组成小平行，所以第一个and是有必要的)
(5) 肯定句用and，否定句用or，选择句用or，两个不同程度的词要用or连接(damage or vanish)；只有出现not/no的才是否定句，nor/neither/never都不是I have never been to USA and Australia。
(6) 副词不能做连词，如worrying over… also over… its worry concerning… also concerning…全错
(7) 代词平行排列
I prefer to hire employees who work hard to those that don’t.(×)
I prefer to hire employees who work hard to those who don’t.
(8) … and V … (如果and前面出现多个动词，要先理解句子的逻辑含义，看and后面的动词是跟哪个层次的动词相平行。)
New items developed for automobiles in the 1997 model year included a safer air bag, which, unlike previous air bags, eliminated the possibility that a burst of smoke would appear when the bag inflated and make an already terrified passenger think the car was on fire. (make与appear平行，不是与eliminated平行，所以如果用made就错了)
(9) …that…and that…
Voters may agree that……and that……
Voters may agree ……and that…… (×)
(10) …not…but (rather)…
His inventions did not spring to life in a flash of inspiration but evolved slowly from previous work.
His invention sprang to life not in a flash of inspiration but evolved slowly form previous work. (×)
(11) …from…to…
To 可以用till和until代替，如(from the turn of the century until the late 1980’s)
From to 结构中，加上up或者down是多余的，如(from…down to或from…up to必错)
(12) 前面分句用to do，后面分句也尽量用to do
The best way to build a house…… but the most popular method now is to do…(不用that,doing)
The only way to know is to take the plunge.
The only way to know is taking the plunge. (×)
(13) …to……， to……， or to……
They use their power to find and attach prey, to defend themselves, or to communicate and navigate.
They use their power either to find and attack prey, to defend themselves, or also for communicating and navigating. (×)
(14) To do sth is to do sth; doing sth is doing sth; sth is sth.
(15) …rather than…(若rather than后面是动词，一般均为原形，无论该结构是在句首还是在句中出现)
A recent study has found that within the past few years， many doctors have elected to retire early rather than face the threats of lawsuits. (to 可省略)
A recent study has found that within the past few years， many doctors have elected to retire early rather than facing the threats of lawsuits. (×)
若在考试中，5个选项里安排有的选项用instead of 表达，有的用rather than表达。在此时，如果rather than的选项没有缺陷，请优先考虑rather than结构。Instead of是介词词组，只能用于连接名词短语，动名词或代词短语。
以上就是小编为大家整理的GMAT语法中平行结构的详细介绍，希望通过举例的方法能让考生更好地把握，做到运用自如。最后祝大家GMAT考试成功，早日梦圆名校。
您还可能关注：
