在GMAT语法考试中，首先每个句子都必须有一个主谓结构，其次主语和谓语要在单复数形式和逻辑意义上达到一致。今天我们就给大家说一下GMAT语法缺谓语的考察。
一个完整的句子必须主语谓语同时存在，缺少任何一个都是不完整的。而在GMAT考试中，最常见的有把非谓语动词当做谓语。或者只有连词引导的从句，无主句。另外主语和谓语逻辑意思要合理，指的是句子的主语和谓语在逻辑上说得通，意思是表达明白。
说到关于主谓一致的谓语缺失问题我们首先就需要了解一下句子结构：
说到句子结构我们主要从两方面说一下，第一就是句子成分，也就是我们常说的SVO，主谓宾，一个句子必须要有一个主语和谓语，另外一个就是句子分类，句子分类主要有三种，分别是简单句，就是有一套主谓结构的句子，第二种就是并列句，就是用and，or，but，分号等表示并列关系的连词连接的句子，比如SVO and SVO或者SVO;SVO.第三种就是复合句：也就是有一个主句，若干个从句。我们知道一句话只能有一个主要意思，但是可以有很多修饰成分，所以这些修饰成分的句子就是从句。
因此我们可以把一个句子的组成形式简化成：核心部分(主语核心词+谓语)+可抛弃部分(定语/定从、状语/状从、同位语和独立成分/插入语)。而GMAT考试是以主从句和并列句为主，在句子结构这部分出题可能会有一些缺主句，缺主语，主谓语的现象，所以我们做题阅读句子的时候，可先划掉可抛弃的部分，把握其基本结构和核心意思就可以了。
在GMAT改错中，主谓一致总是考核重点。对于主谓一致原则的熟练掌握，会使你很快排除一些选项，缩小包围，扩大命中率。好了我们来看两道关于主谓一致的题：
真题1： One of the earliest known birds with a beak and contour feathers, Confuciusornis sanctus, with large clawlike "thumbs" on its wings, which probably helped them to climb up to a launching position for flight.
(A) with large clawlike "thumbs" on its wings, which probably helped them to
(B) with large clawlike "thumbs" on their wings, which probably helped it to
(C) had large clawlike "thumbs" on its wings, which probably helped them
(D) had large clawlike "thumbs" on its wings, probably to help it
(E) had large clawlike "thumbs" on their wings, probably to help it
答案分析：
(A) 句子缺少谓语;复数them没有指代对象，且与前面的its不一致。
(B) 句子缺少谓语;复数their指代错误，且与后面的it不一致;which就近指代wings错误，应该指代thumbs。
(C) 复数them没有指代对象;which就近指代wings错误。
(D) 正确，its, it指代Confuciusornis sanctus，to help不定式作目的状语。
(E) 复数their指代错误，且与后面的it不一致。
真题2： The Chicago and Calumet Rivers originally flowed into the St. Lawrence by way of Lake Michigan,but having been redirected by constructing canals so that the water now empties into the Mississippi by way of the Illinois River.
(A) Rivers originally flowed into the St. Lawrence by way of Lake Michigan, but having been redirected by constructing
(B) Rivers had originally flowed into the St. Lawrence by way of Lake Michigan, but they have been redirected by constructing
(C) Rivers, which originally flowed into the St. Lawrence by way of Lake Michigan but have been redirected by the construction of
(D) Rivers, originally flowing into the St. Lawrence by way of Lake Michigan, but having been redirected by the construction of
(E) Rivers, originally flowing into the St. Lawrence by way of Lake Michigan, have been redirected through the construction of
答案分析：
(A) but having结构错误;by constructing无法表示结果，而是动作。
(B) originally用过去完成时态错误;by constructing无法表示结果。
(C) 主句主语是rivers，由which引导定语从句修饰，主句缺少谓语。
(D) 主句主语是rivers，由现在分词结构后后置定语修饰，主句缺少谓语。
(E) 正确，flowing…分词作后置定语修饰主语rivers。
》》点击了解GMAT语法主谓一致知识点
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