解释针对问题型文章
判断方法：
找标志词，标志词有两类：
1. 句子中常有puzzle，phenomenon，dilemma，difficulty，paradox，controversy等标志词
2. 或者有以however链接的反应前后矛盾的句子
首段的后部分或者二段句首有表示“解释”的词汇：
例如：One possible explanation is that…;……might be responsible for ……;……explain that……;
结构：
A 有待解释的现象
B对现象的论述
C 解释
D 对解释的评价
TS选择注意：
作者作出正的评价的解释处，即有效的解释处;
如果灭有有效的解释，那么现象、问题本身就是TS。
Although the hormone adrenaline is known to regulate memory storage, it does not pass from the blood into brain cells. We are faced with an apparent paradox: how can a hormone that does not act directly on the brain have such a large effect on brain function?
Recently, we tested the possibility that one of the hormone’s actions outside the brain might be responsible. Since one consequence of adrenaline release in an animal is an increase in blood glucose levels, we examined the effects of glucose on memory in rats. We found that glucose injected immediately after training enhances memory tested the next day. Additional evidence was provided by negative findings: drugs called adrenergic antagonists, which block peripheral adrenaline receptors, disrupted adrenaline’s ability to regulate memory but did not affect memory enhancements produced by glucose that was not stimulated by adrenaline. These results are as they should be if adrenaline affects memory modulation by increasing blood glucose levels.
文章整体框架结构：
第一段：提出问题：how can a hormone that does not act directly on the brain have such a large effect on brain function?
第二段：提出解释：one of the hormone’s actions outside the brain might be responsible;后面跟了两个论据来支持。
1. The primary purpose of the passage is to
(A) reconcile two opposing theories
(B) compare two different explanations for a phenomenon
(C) describe experimental research that appears to support an unpopular theory
(D) present evidence that may help to resolve an apparent contradiction
(E) describe a hypothesis that has cause a controversy
答案：D
解析：类似于解释针对问题型，所以D是符合这个文章类型的一个表达方式。
其他文章结构
阅读中还有一些其他的文章结构，可以仅仅是一篇说明性的文章，各段讲述一个主题;还有的文章尤其是短文章，可能就那么几句话，就像记流水账似的，每句话都有自己的主题，等等，这时候我们需要的是借助逻辑词，快速读文章，抓住重点就好。
其中一种举例：
The social sciences are less likely than other intellectual enterprises to get credit for their accomplishments. Arguably, this is so because the theories and conceptual constructs of the social sciences are especially accessible: human intelligence apprehends truths about human affairs with particular facility. And the discoveries of the social sciences, once isolated and labeled, are quickly absorbed into conventional wisdom, whereupon they lose their distinctiveness as scientific advances.
This underappreciation of the social sciences contrasts oddly with what many see as their overutilization. Game theory is pressed into service in studies of shifting international alliances. Evaluation research is called upon to demonstrate successes or failures of social programs. Models from economics and demography become the definitive tools for examining the financial base of social security. Yet this rush into practical applications is itself quite understandable: public policy must continually be made, and policymakers rightly feel that even tentative findings and untested theories are better guides to decision-making than no findings and no theories at all.
文章结构类型：全文论证一个观点型，第二段引出核心观点。
TS ： This underappreciation of the social sciences contrasts oddly with what many see as their overutilization.
态度：反对现状
与其它知识学科相比，诸社会科学不太可能因为其成就而获得赞誉。正如可论证的那样，这之所以如此，是因为社会科学的理论和概念尤其易于理解：人类的智力在领悟有关人类事务的真理时格外轻而易举。此外，社会科学的发现，一旦被分离开来并被贴上标签予以归类，很快就被吸收到传统智慧中，这样一来，它们便失去其作为科学进行的独特性。
奇怪的是，这种对社会科学的不充分欣赏(under appreciation)与另一种情形构成了对比，这就是在许多人看来对它们的过度利用(over utilization)。 博弈 理论 ( Game Theory)被强行逼迫效力于对不断变换的国际联盟的研究。评估研究(evaluation research)被召唤去论证社会项目的成败。来自经济学的人口统计学的模型成为决定性的工具，用以检验社会保险的金融基础。然则，这种对实际应用的匆忙投入就其本身而言相当可以理解：公共政策必须被持续不断地制定出来，而政策制定者不无道理地觉得，即使带有尝试性的研究发现和未经检验的理论对于决策过程来说，总要比根本没有研究发现和根本没有理论更有指导作用。
The author is primarily concerned with
主题题：TS
(A) advocating a more modest view, and less widespread utilization, of the social sciences
(B) analyzing the mechanisms for translating discoveries into applications in the social sciences
(C) dissolving the air of paradox inherent in human beings studying themselves
(D) explaining a peculiar dilemma that the social sciences are in
(E) maintaining a strict separation between pure and applied social science
The author is primarily concerned with 主旨题
(A) advocating a more modest view, and less widespread utilization, of the social sciences 并未提出新的观点，只是分析现状
(B) analyzing the mechanisms for translating discoveries into applications in the social sciences 无中生有，并未涉及 mechanisms
(C) dissolving the air of paradox inherent in human beings studying themselves 没有解决
(D) explaining a peculiar dilemma that the social sciences are in 首段首句说“社会科学不如其他学科那么被重视”，首段末句说“社会科学失去其作为科学进行的独特性”，第二段首句说“社会科学不被理解”，从上面可以看出在文章中社会科学混地很惨，处于一种 dilemma，第二段就是解释，故正确。
(E) maintaining a strict separation between pure and applied social science 与原意相反
以上就是小编为大家整理的GRE阅读文章结构视频讲解的内容，希望对考生掌握文章结构有帮助。
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