英语中非谓语动词比较复杂，但是在雅思考试中还是非常常见的，希望这篇英语非谓语之动词不定式的用法分享可以帮助大家更好的备考。
6. 作状语。不定式短语作状语，表示目的、原因、结果等。位置一般在句尾或句首。
(1) 表示目的。
We waved flags, beat drums and blew bugles to encourage the players.我们摇旗擂鼓吹号，来鼓励运动员。
They went to the U.S.A. not to study English but to study law and business. 他们去了美国，不是为了学英语，而是为了学法律和商务。
为了强调，有时用in order to (为了)或so as to (以便)加动词原形，放在句首或句尾均可。例如;
In order to improve my English, I read China Daily every day. 为了提高英语水平，我每天都看《中国日报》。
He took a taxi so as not to miss the train. 为了不误火车，他坐了出租车。
有些不定式习惯用语放在句首或句尾，作独立成分。例如：
To be frank(with you), this is not satisfactory.老实(和你)说，这不令人满意。
To be fair, she is an honest girl. 说句公道话，她是一个诚实的姑娘。
To tell you the truth, you are wrong. 实话告诉你，你错了。
这样的短语还有to tell you the truth实话告诉你，to conclude 最后， to begin with首先，to cut a long story short 简而言之，to go back to the point回到正题，not to make too much of it 别小题大做，to put it another way 换句话说，to hear him talk听他说话的口气，等等。
(2)表示原因。
To hear him talk in that manner, you would think him a foreigner他这样说话， 你会以为他是外国人。
The old father smiled to know his success.知道他成功的消息，那位老父亲笑了。
不定式短语可以和表示情绪的形容词和过去分词连用，有时说明产生这种情绪的原因，有时不是说明原因，而是和形容词一起说明主语的情况。常见的这类形容词和过去分词有：able有能力的，afraid 害怕的，amazed 感到惊异的，angry生气的，anxious 急于的，astonished 感到惊讶的， careful小心的， certain有把握的，clever聪明的， comfortable舒服的，cruel残忍的，deep深的，delighted 高兴的， difficult有困难的， disappointed感到失望的，determined 有决心的，eager 急于的， easy容易的，fit 合适的，foolish 愚蠢的，fortunate 幸运的， free自由的，frightened感到害怕的，glad高兴的，good好的， happy幸福的，hard艰苦的，lucky 幸运的，overjoyed 高兴的， pleased高兴的，possible 可能的，proud 自豪的，ready 准备好的，relieved 感到轻松的，right正确的，sad悲伤的，shocked感到惊讶的， sorry难过的，sure 肯定的， surprised感到惊讶的， unable没能力的，useless没用的，willing 愿意的，worthy 值得的，wrong 错误的，等。例如：
He’ll be angry to hear these words. 听到这些话他会生气的。
You’re lucky to have me as your teacher.有我当你们老师，你们很幸运。
He feels proud to be on the school football team. 作为校足球队队员他感到很自豪。
Be careful not to catch cold.小心别感冒。
You are sure to succeed.你一定会成功。
He’s anxious to go back straight to London.他急于直接回伦敦。
They’ll be ready to leave in about an hour.再有大约一小时他们就准备好了。
The new manager is easy to get along with .新经理很容易相处。
This river is broad, deep and good to swim in. 这条河宽且深，是游泳的好地方。
Your sofa is comfortable to sit in. 你的沙发坐上去很舒服。
(3)不定式做结果状语只限于下面几个词：learn得知，find 发现，see 看见，hear 听见， to be told被告知，make 使得 等。only+不定式常表示出乎意料的结果。
He hurried to the airport to learn that the flight had already taken off.他急忙赶到机场，却得知飞机已经起飞了。
He returned home from his holiday only to find that his house had been broken into.他休假回家，却发现他的房子被破门而入了。
(4) 不定式还可以与“be said, be reported,…”等连用构成复合谓语。这一结构可变成“It’s said, It’s reported,…”(见被动语态部分)。如：
An explosion is reported to have happened, and three are known to have been killed. =It’s reported that an explosion has happened and it’s known that three have been killed. 据报道发生了一起爆炸，已知三人被炸死。
(二)不定式的时态。动词不定式一般有三种时态形式，即一般式、进行式和完成式。
(1) 一般式(to+动词原形)：表示与主句谓语动词动作同时(或几乎同时)发生或在主句谓语动词之后发生的事情。例如：
We’re happy to have you on our side.有你在我们这边我们很高兴。
I saw him go out.我看见他出去了。( 不定式go out 与 see同时发生。)
They invited me to have dinner with them.他们邀请我和他们一起吃晚饭。
I hope to see you again.我希望再见到你(to see发生在hope之后)
(2) 进行式(to be+现在分词)：表示主句谓语的动作发生时，不定式动作正在进行。例如：
She’s said /believed to be living nearby. 据说/据信她就住在附近。
When he came in, I happened to be sleeping in bed.他进来时，我碰巧正在床上睡觉。
They seem/appear to be enjoying themselves.看上去他们似乎很快活。
He pretended to be doing his homework when he heard his father’s sound他听见父亲的声音，假装正在做作业。
The president was reported to be visiting the hospital.据报道总统正在访问那家医院。
(3)完成式(to have+过去分词)：表示在主句谓语的动作之前发生的事情。如：
I’m glad to have met your parents here. 我很高兴在这儿见到了你父母(已见过)
I’m sorry to have kept him waiting for me so long.我很抱歉让他等了我这样久。(已经等过了)
动词不定式的完成式和下列动词的过去时连用，表示过去没有实现的事情：plan, hope, expect, be, intend, mean, wish, 等。注意一定是它们的过去时。另外还有should/would like/love。这个结构表示“本打算/想/计划…”的意思。例如：
The game were to have taken place in Room.比赛原计划在罗马举行。
He planned to have gone abroad last week. =He planned to go abroad but he didn’t. 他原计划上周出国的。
I’d like to have been offered the job and(to have been)given the opportunity to prove myself.我真想(当时)把这个工作给了我，给我个机会让我证明我自己。
同样的意思也可用上述动词的过去完成时加动词不定式的一般式来表达。例如：
I had hoped to visit the great pyramid. =I hoped to have visited the great pyramid. =I hoped to visit it, but I didn’t. 我本希望参观大金字塔的。
They would have liked to have your help. =They would like to have had your help. =They wanted to have your help but they didn’t have it. 他们本想得到你帮助的。
不定式的被动语态。当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动形式。不定式的被动形式有两种：
一般式：to be+过去分词
完成式：to have been+过去分词
You’re lucky to have been accepted .你很幸运已经被接受了。
These criminals are to be hanged .这些罪犯是将被绞死的。
We’re glad to have been invited. 受到邀请我们很高兴。
What’s to be done next? 下一步做什么?
It is an honor for me to be asked to speak here. 我很荣幸应邀在这里讲话。
为了避免重复，不定式可省略，但to有时保留，有时不保留。例如：
You will make it if you try (to). 如果你努力，你会成功的。
George says he is going to leave Shanghai, but I don’t think he really wants to. George说要离开上海，但是我不认为他真的愿意走。
Some of them retired, and others were ready to.一些人退休了，还有的准备退。
He always speaks faster than he needs to.他说话总是没必要的快。
I’d like to do it now, but I haven’t got the time (to). 我倒是想现在干，但没时间。
“Would you go there with me?” “I’m glad to.”“你愿意和我一起去吗?”“愿意。”
“Did you pass the exam?” “No, I tried (to), but I failed.”“你考试及格了吗?”“没有，我努力了，但没成功。
“Do you want to sing them an English song?” “I prefer not to.” “你愿意为他们唱首英文歌吗?”“我不想唱。”
You’d better sing an English song if they ask you (to) again.如果他们再要求你，你最后唱一首英文歌。
后面常省略不定式而保留to的结构，还有：
used to 常常 be going to 打算
mean to 打算 ought to 应该
plan to 计划 want to 要想
两个不定式由and, or, except, but, than 连接时，第二个可省略to，尤其是两个不定式紧密相连时。如：
I intend to call on him and discuss this question again,我打算去拜访他并和他谈谈这个问题。
I’d like to lie down and go to sleep.我想躺下睡觉。
You’re free to talk or laugh here.在这里你可以随便说笑。
I’m anxious to go and ask him about it.我急于去问问他这个事。
Do you want to have lunch now or wait till later? 你想现在吃午饭还是再等会儿?
We had nothing to do except (to) look at the posters outside the cinema. 我们无事可做，只有看看电影院外面的招贴。
He had nothing to do except talk nonsense. 除了胡说八道，他没别的事干。
I would rather die than be insulted.我宁死也不受侮辱。
I’ll do anything but work on a farm. 除了去农场干活，我什么都干。
It’s easier to persuade people than (to) force them. 说服人容易，强迫人难。
It’s better to take a taxi than (to) wait here.搭出租车也比在这等强。
句子中but后面的不定式带不带to，取决于but前面的句子里含不含do，只要有与do/did有关的词(do作谓语，to do作定语等等)，but后面的不定式就省掉to。
I have no choice but to go there alone. 除了独自一个去以外， 我别无选择。
I can do nothing but go there alone. 除了独自一个到那里去，我别无选择。
I have nothing to do but go there alone. 除了独自一个到那里去我没事可干。
He did nothing but cry all day long. 他除了整天哭，什么也不干。
(三)练习
Now let’s do some exercises:
1.用动词不定式结构完成下列句子：
1)Let’s _______ (早回家).→ go home early
2)I am going _____ (问问题). → to ask some questions
3)I’ve been hoping ______ (会见格林先生)ever since I left school
→ to see Mr. Green
4)It is difficult ______ (照顾这么多小娃娃).
→ to look after so many babies
5)He likes _____ (在月光下散步). →to walk in the moonlight
6)She is afraid ____(独自去). → to go alone
7)I pretended ______ (睡着了). → to be asleep
8)I should like _____ (今晚去看那个话剧). →to go to that drama tonight
9)Be careful ____ (别着凉). →not to catch cold
10)Mr. Green seemed ____ (越来越不喜欢他).
→to dislike him more and more
11)It is too heavy _____ (你搬不动). →for you to carry
12) You have to work hard ____(考试及格). →to pass the examination
13) Tom intends ____(找个新工作). →to look for a new job
14) What do you want ____ (吃)?→to eat
15) I hate _____ (这么早离开),but I am afraid _____ (我不得不这么早离开). →to leave so early; I have to
16)The enemy soldiers refused ____ (再战斗下去). → To fight anymore
17) He decided _____ (成为物理学家). →to become a physicist
18) The woman came out ____ (看看在发生什么事).
→to see what was happening
19) I mean _____ (完成这个任务), one way or another.
→to accomplish the task
20) He was planning _____ (和她一起去). →to go with her
21) He seems _____ (过去是个猎手). →to have been a hunter
22) I happened _____(看过这本书). →to have read the book
23) I happened ____ (正挨着他站着) when he was shot. →to be standing next to him
24) The enemy is believed ____ (已被击败). →to have been defeated
25) The teacher wanted the composition ______ (当堂做完). →to be finished in class
26) He appears _____ (是你的朋友) but I doubt if he is. →to be your friend
2.汉译英
1)学生们要求进来。
The students asked to come in.
2)我希望不久可以见到我奶奶。
I hope to see my grandma soon.
3)我刚才设法把门打开了。
Just now I managed to open the door.
4)我答应等他。
I have promised to wait for him.
5)那位官员拒绝见我。
The official refused to see me.
6)他们似乎误了火车。
They seem to have missed the train. 或They seemed to have missed the train.
7)你想要和我一起走吗?
Do you want to go with me?
8)他没答应走开。
He didn’t promise to go away.
9)他答应不走开。
He promised not to go away.
10)记住不要和那个阿飞(teddy boy)说话。
Remember not to speak to (talk with) that teddy boy.
11)我希望不久接到他们的来信。
I hope to hear from them soon.
12)比尔好像并不明白。
Bill doesn’t seem to understand it.
13)你一定要记住，到七点钟你才能离开。
You must remember not to leave until seven o’clock.
14)那些人不愿意留在这里。
Those men don’t want to stay here.
15)望你及时把它完成。
You are expected to finish it in time.
16)登山的人没有到达山顶。
The climbers failed to reach the peak (top of the mountain).
17)他认为(expect)我会等他吗?
Does he expect me to wait for him?
18)你没有告诉他在信上贴邮票吗?
Didn’t you tell him to put a stamp on the letter?
19)你愿意帮我学习这一课吗?
Will you help me (to) learn this lesson?
20)为什么你不让她帮助你?
Why not get her to help you? 或Why don’t you get her to help you.
21)请你让前面那个人把帽子摘下来。
Please ask that man in front to take his cap off.
22)你要我干什么呢?
What would you like me to do?
23)如果你的朋友们想留下，就让他们全呆在这里吧。
Let your friends all stay here if they want to.
24)我们尽量设法使他明白。
We tried to make him understand.
25)我不知道怎么开始。
I don’t know how to begin.
26)很抱歉，我星期六没来。
I’m sorry not to have come on Saturday.
27)李红要一个人做全部工作。
Li Hong wants to do all the work alone.
28)我很高兴见到你。
I am very glad to see you.
29)你不能使那些孩子们安静下来吗?
Can’t you make those children keep quiet.
30)你打算带多少人去看电影呢?
How many people are you going to take to the cinema?
31)我没有把药吃完，因为你叫我别都吃了。
I didn’t finish the medicine because you asked me not to.
32)如果你要我给你做早饭，我就给你做。
I will cook your breakfast if you would like me to.
33)这水太脏，不能用。
The water is too dirty to use.
34)那些石头太重，你搬不动。
Those stones are too heavy for you to carry.
35)那台电视机太贵，我买不起。
That TV set is too expensive for me to afford.
36)工人们太累了(be tired enough)，立刻就睡着了。
The workers were tired enough to go to sleep at once.
37)那孩子很累，以致立刻就睡着了。
The boy was so tired that he went to sleep at once.
38)那个老头累得站都站不直。
The old man was too tired to stand up straight.
39)你想去看电影吗?——不，我宁愿呆在家里。
Would you like to go to the cinema? –No, I’d rather stay at home.
40)你不愿意你的朋友先和他谈谈吗?
Wouldn’t you like some of your friends to talk to him first?
41)学生们急于知道考试的结果。
The students are anxious to know the results of the exam.
42)说实话，我不懂文学。
To tell the truth, I know nothing about literature.
43)我听到他们在隔壁房间里谈话了。
I heard them talk in the next room.
44)我已下定决心要更加努力地学习。
I have made up my mind to study even harder.
45)美国有可能消灭KB主义吗?
Is it possible for the United States to wipe out terrorism?
46)你把你的计划向他解释一下，方便吗?
Is it convenient for you to explain your plan to him?
47)如果你有机会去西山的话，我愿意和你一起去。
If you have a chance to go to the Western Hills, I’d like to go with you.
48)等你想好了，请把你的决定告诉我。
After you think it over, please let me know what you have decided to do.
49)探身窗外是危险的。
It is dangerous to lean out of the window.
50)遵守法律是每个人的义务。
It is everyone’s duty to obey the law.
51)约翰感到心跳得很快。
John felt his heart beat fast.
52)汤姆到浴室去洗手。
Tom went to the bathroom to wash his hands.
53)小王站在椅子上，这样看节目就看得更清楚些。
Xiao Wang stood up on a chair so as to see the performance better.
54)他走出房间以便听不到闹声。
He went out of the room so as not to hear the noise any more.
55)孩子们急于要动身。
The children were anxious to start.
56)别惹我们笑了。
Don’t make us laugh.
57)应该把这件事告诉老师。
The teacher ought to be told about it.
58)这所房子只出租，不出售。
The house is to let, not to be sold.
59)他们是来看的，不是来给人看的。
They came to see, not to be seen.
60)这个成语难于解释，但不难(be no trouble)用。
This idiom is hard to explain, but it is no trouble to use.
上面就是对英语中动词不定式的分享，希望大家能够掌握并灵活运用，更多备考经验请大家持续关注前程百利雅思频道。最后，小编祝大家拿到满意的雅思成绩。
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