众所周知,雅思听力的录音语速是很快的,很多烤鸭都表示有时候自己很难挺清楚,其实,对于听力考试来说,把握住关键信息才最重要,今天,前程百利的小编就为大家带来了雅思听力中必须要听清的词汇,希望对大家有所帮助。
一、表达观点词
1、直接表述观点:
这种表述方式对于考生而言是比较容易辨认的,因为录音中的人物语气自始至终都保持同一论调,考生的第一直觉判断和听完全文后的内容判断应该是一致的,所以解题也一般不容易错。我们举例来看看这种表述方式。
Well, do you think people can tell you their real thoughts just through phone? Without person-to-person contact, it is unlikely for you to dig deep into theri minds and unlikely to get truth.
考生听到第一句话时,从语言的反问语气可以判断发言者的观点是不支持的,意思是——“你认为人们会通过电话告诉你真实的想法吗?”,那么第二句则是对第一句话的解释说明——“没有面对面的接触,你不太可能发觉他们内心的真实想法,不太可能知道真相”,所以观点是反对的。
因为大部分情况下,英文采取首句为中心句的模式,段落其它部分是支持中心句的内容,所以听到首句就是主要意思,因此这种模式相对简单,但是考生也要能听出表示观点的词,比如赞成:support, be for..., go for..., be one the side of..., quite aree with..., 中立:mutual, just so so, you can try it, not the best, 反对:not good, be against..., not recommend..., better avoid..., 喜欢:be favor of, like, prefer, 一般态度:it's ok, but..., 不喜欢:dislike, 必须:must, it is necessary, 看情况:it depends, 没必要:not necessary等等。
2、间接表述观点:
有的时候,发言者为了充分地表达自己的观点,或者为了使自己的观点显得不偏激,会采取委婉的方式表述观点。比如:
Well, I don't think you should start with the case study too early unless you have made full preparation or you might find you can't meet the deadline. However, it really is the best approach you can try to get people's response though it is somewhat time-consuming. If you think you can spare your study time, just go for it.
由于第一句话出现don't think, 所以很多考生会潜意识将主题判定为否定的观点。然而,转折词however出现以后,则要特别小心接下来表达的内容,因为意思上会有强烈的转折,这里的 it really is the best approach就是很大的一个转折,说明发言的人是持支持的态度的。此外,最后一句话是总结性的观点,一句just go for it非常清楚地再次表示其支持观点。
因此,在听观点题时不要被第一印象影响,一定要听后面的话是否有转折词,如果有,那么第一印象通常是不准的,转折词以后的内容才是判断或填写的依据。有些情况在最后还会有总结?所以,当听到表转折的词,如however, but, nevertheless和表总结的词,如so,那么真正的观点应该马上就要出现了。
二、关键信息点词
1、顺序词
对顺序路标词的记忆有利于快速掌握speaker的节奏,以免跟丢题目。尤其是在流程图一类的填空题中,或是描述实验步骤的独白,这些词可称之为Marker words/phrases, 有时根据此类词可以判断音调突然转变,应当多加留心。
☆ first, first of all ,for a start, in the first place, to begin with ...
second, followed by, third ,then , next , previously, before that finally, last, for one thing ,for another, meanwhile, until ,subsequently
☆ Now tell me ... And now (we will) ... Before I move on to ... Next, I’d like to ... Right, so the first thing ... And what about...? Well, that’s about it, except for ... I’d like not to move on to ... One more thing Finally, can you tell us...
2、强调词
强调路标词有助于考生对某一细节事实的理解及加深认识,往往其后跟的就是考点,若对这些词不敏感,答案往往就溜走了。而这些词之间会进行paraphrase(同义置换),需注意甄别。
☆ That is, That is to say, I mean, namely, in particular, specially
☆ especially, actually, to be exact, in other words, another way of saying this, Let’s put it this way, equally, etc.
3、转标词
转折路标词可以说是逢考必现,也就是百分之百会考到,而且不止出现一次,所以要求考生熟练掌握。在课堂实践教学中,发现有不少相当聪明的同学,没有听 懂对话的意思,却能准确识别出转折关系,从而找到正确答案(尤其是选择题)。所以当听到表示转折或对比的词或短语时,考生一定要集中注意力,因为此时 speaker会提供新信息或完全相反的观点,也就是考点所在。需要引起注意的是,but一词考试是会弱化的,类似于/b?/,所以考试时一定要仔细辨 音。
☆ 强转折: but, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, on the other hand, yet, while, whereas
☆ 让步:Although, though, even if, in spite of, despite
☆ 对比:by/in contrast, by comparison, as a matter of fact, instead, otherwise
Eg. Most people tend to book twenty-four hours in advance…however, the earliest you book a computer is forty-eight hours before you need it.
题目:Computer can be booked up to ___hours in advance.
如果注意到however一词,可知第一个数字24小时是个陷阱,而正确答案应为48小时。
4、列举词
顾名思义,列举路标词是细节描述最常见的信号词,表示对同类事物的列举或上文的补充。也就是说,出现这类词,一定是细节类的内容,比如例子等。若未听清其前面的内容,也可根据这些路标词推断前文,考生应当灵活对待。
☆ for instance, for example, such as, like, likewise, similarly
☆ in addition to, one more thing, what’s more , furthermore, besides, also, too, as well as, moreover, together with, not only…but also, etc.
5、因果词
说到因果关系,考生应该非常熟悉了。关键是因果关系的句子很容易进行句式的改换,即因果位置的互换。考生往往未抓住因果中的某一部分而失分,需引起注意。
☆ 其后跟“因”的信号词: for, since, for the reason that, because, thanks to, owing to, due to, as a result of, originate from, etc.
☆ 其后跟“果”的信号词: As a result, therefore, so, consequently, thus, lead to, result in, trigger, account for, give rise to, bring about, breed, etc.
6、总标词
在Speaker即将结束对话或独白时,往往会提到这类总结路标词。虽然位于最后,也是一个不容忽视的考点。
☆ in short , finally, therefore ,overall ,in summary, thus, on the whole, in brief, to conclude, to sum up, in a nutshell, consequently ,to sum up ,to summarize ,in conclusion
以上就是前程百利雅思小编为大家整理的雅思听力中必须要听清的词汇的全部内容,非常实用,希望对大家的雅思备考有所帮助。更多资讯、资料尽在前程百利雅思网站,您也可以直接拨打服务热线400-890-6000,我们有最专业的雅思专家为您详细解答。最后,雅思小编预祝大家在雅思考试中取得好成绩!
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