今天,小编整理了剑9雅思阅读中的同位语从句,来给大家聊聊同位语的那些事儿,希望对大家雅思备考有帮助。
一、那什么是同位语呢?
一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行解释或补充说明,这个名词(或其它形式)就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格式要一致,并常常紧挨在一起。
二、 同位语的先行词只能是名词,而且仅限于idea,plan,fact,theory,promise,hope,news,doubt,truth,information,suggestion,question, thought,belief,conclusion等少数名词。
三、下面我们具体来看例子:
1. Second, we make a very conservative assumption that we are looking for a life form that is pretty well like us, since if it differs radically from us we may well not recognise it as a life form, quite apart from whether we are able to communicate with it. (剑9 Test 1 Passage 2)
我们先来认识一些单词:
1. assumption(n. 假设,假定)
2. radically(adv. 彻底地;根本地)
句子结构分析:第一个That引导的从句作assumption的同位语,第二个that引导定语从句修饰a life form,since引导时间状语从句,if引导条件状语从句。
译文:此外,对抗简单磨损理论的另一个论点认为,生物体老去的时间短则几天(对单细胞生物来说甚至是几小时),长则几千年,比如巨杉。
2. But the field of neuroeconomics was born out of the realization that the physical workings of the brain place limitations on the way we make decisions. (剑9 Test 2 Passage 3)
句子结构分析: that从句是realization的同位语从句,we make decisions 作定语修饰the way。
译文:但是,神经经济学的诞生正是基于这样一个新的发现,那就是大脑的生理功能实际上会制约我们的判断力。
3. In its most general sense, prescriptivism is the view that one variety of language has an inherently higher value than others, and that this ought to be imposed on the whole of the speech community. (剑9 Test 3 Passage 1)
我们先来认识一些单词:
1. prescriptivism(规范主义)
2. inherently (adv. 内在地,固有的)
句子结构分析:第一个that 从句引导view的同位语从句,and引导并列句,第二个that也从句引导view的同位语从句。
译文:就其最通常的意义而言,规定主义认为某种语言向来就比其他语言具有更高的价值,并且这一点应该使用于整个语言社会。
4. As recently as 1993, engineers made a major breakthrough by discovering so-called turbo codes - which come very close to Shannon’s ultimate limit for the maximum rate that data can be transmitted reliably, and now play a key role in the mobile videophone revolution. (剑9 Test 3 Passage 3)
句子结构分析:这句话的主干是由and连接的并列结构:engineers made a major breakthrough by discovering so-called turbo codes and now play a key role in the mobile videophone revolution. by discovering 表示通过某种方式,which引导非限制性定语从句修饰turbo codes,that引导的从句作the maximum rate的同位语。
译文:就在最近的1993年,工程师们取得了一项重大突破,发现了所谓的Turbo码,这与Shannon提出的信息可以安全传送的最大速度极限非常接近。现在,Turbo码在移动可视电话变革中起着关键的作用。
5. However, Lewis and Brooks-Gunn (1979) suggest that infants' developing understanding that the movements they see in the mirror are contingent on their own, leads to a growing awareness that they are distinct from other people. (剑9 Test 4 Passage 2)
我们先来认识一些单词:
1. contingent (adj. 偶然发生的)
2. distinct (adj. 明显的,独特的)
句子结构分析: However表示转折,第一个that引导宾语从句,第二个that引导understanding的同位语从句,第三个that引导awareness的同位语从句。
译文:但是,Lewis和Brooks-Gunn (1979)认为婴儿认识到镜子里的动作取决于他们自己的动作,这一理解的发展促使婴儿逐渐意识到自己与他人的不同。
6. The conviction that historical relics provide infallible testimony about the past is rooted in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, when science was regarded as objective and value free. (剑9 Test 4 Passage 3)
我们先来认识一些单词:
1. conviction(n. 信念)
2. infallible(adj. 绝对可靠的,绝无错误的)
3. testimony(n. 证据,证明)
句子结构分析:that引导conviction的同位语从句,这句话的主干是The conviction is rooted in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries。When引导时间状语从句,be regarded as……表示作为。
译文:19世纪和20世纪早初,人们坚信历史遗迹可靠无误地证明过去,当时科学被认为是客观和价值中立的。
上面就是对剑9同位语从句的分析,是不是感觉同位语没有那么难了呢?希望对大家雅思备考有帮助。最后,预祝大家雅思考试取得好成绩。
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