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雅思阅读标题对应题解题秘诀

信息来源:网络  发布时间:2016-03-23

  雅思阅读标题对应题解题秘诀主要从四大方面——题型介绍、解题步骤、解题原则和解题技巧给大家进行了详细的讲解,同学们可以参考一下。

  一、题型介绍

  1. 题型要求

  标题对应题常见的出题要求如下: Reading Passage 2 has four sections A-D. Choose the correct heading for each section from the list of headings below. Write the correct number i-vi in boxes 14-17 on your answer sheet.
1

  2. 题型特点

  根据上面的出题形式,我们可以看出标题对应题考察大家总结文章段落大意的能力,是主旨类的题型。而且该题位于文章前,选项列表中的选项数目大于原文段落数目,选项为罗马数字无复选情况,这类题的一旦出错,就是引起连环出错,所以大家做题的时候必须认真细心。

  3. 出现频率

  A类:每次必考一组,共5题左右。有时会考两组,共10题左右。

  G类:不是每次必考,考的时候,一般只考一组,共五题左右。

  二、解题步骤

  做题顺序一般有两种:先看选项再看原文和先看原文再看选项,不同的题型适合不同的做题顺序。如果标题对应题先看选项,根据这类题的特点——选项的数目多余原文段落的数目,我们会不可避免的带着干扰的选项去读原文,这样可能会浪费很多的时间和精力,这种方式在考试中是不可取的。所以正确的方法就是先看原文,了解段落大意,再到选项列表中找到适合的选项。

  三、解题原则

  从上面的做题步骤中,可以了解到弄清楚雅思阅读段落大意是非常重要的一个环节。显然,在考试中不可能让大家通读文章(逐字逐句翻译理解)来了解段落大意。我们一般是根据主题句来确定文章的段落大意。而判断主题句的方法有两种:(一)根据主题句位置确定;(二)根据典型表达确定。

  (一)根据主题句位置确定

  英文的写作方法一般有两种:一是演绎法,先给出一个主题句topic sentence,然后给出相应的分论点supporting details;二是归纳法,先给出各个分论点supporting details,最后归纳总结出主题句topic sentence。举两个例子:

  1. 演绎法: In a growing number of hotels and skyscrapers across the nation, steel walls have replaced the foot-thick brick and mortar walls once used. Tests show that a steel wall four inches thick has better insulating qualities than a 12-inch thickness of masonry. In addition, steel-curtain wall panels save both time and labor. And the floor space conserves red by use of the thin wall as against the thick wall in a big office building can mean a couple of hundred dollars a year in rentals. Topic sentence and supporting details?

  Topic sentence:

  A growing number of hotels and skyscrapers use steel walls instead of brick-and-mortar walls.

  Supporting ideas:

  1) A steel wall has better insulating properties.

  2) Steel wall panels save time and labor.

  3) A steel wall conserves floor space.

  2. 归纳法: It is known that the Little Ice Age cooling began in Greenland and the Arctic in about 1200. As the Arctic ice pack spread southward, Norse voyages to the west were rerouted into the open Atlantic, then ended altogether. Storminess increased in the North Atlantic and North Sea. Colder, much wetter weather descended on Europe between 1315 and 1319, when thousands perished in a continent-wide famine. By 1400, the weather had become decidedly more unpredictable and stormier, with sudden shifts and lower temperatures that culminated in the cold decades of the late sixteenth century. Fish were a vital commodity in growing towns and cities, where food supplies were a constant concern. Dried cod and herring were already the staples of the European fish trade, but changes in water temperatures forced fishing fleets to work further offshore. The Basques, Dutch, and English developed the first offshore fishing boats adapted to a colder and stormier Atlantic. A gradual agricultural revolution in northern Europe stemmed from concerns over food supplies at a time of rising populations. The revolution involved intensive commercial farming and the growing of animal fodder on land not previously used for crops. The increased productivity from farmland made some countries self-sufficient in grain and livestock and offered effective protection against famine.

  Supporting ideas:

  1) Ice Age cooling began—wetter weather.

  2) Famine starts-fish.

  3) Countries developed the first offshore fishing boats adapted to a colder weather.

  4) A agricultural revolution.

  Topic sentence:

  The increased productivity from farmland made some countries self-sufficient in grain and livestock and offered effective protection against famine.

  从上面的分享可以看出,我们在真实的考试中,一般只要浏览段落第一句、第二句和最后一句话就可以确定段落大意了。

  (二)根据典型表达确定

  英文段落中常见的表达主题意思的句型有:

  1. 定义型的句子:

  A is defined as …/ is known as…

  A is…/

  Namely/ That is …/ this is…

  2. 总结型的句子:

  A shows/demonstrates/display/suggest…

  3. 强调型的句子:

  A emphasizes/concerns/focus/concentrate…

  四、解题技巧

  1. 例子不是主题句,因为例子一般不可能直接是文章的观点,不过也有例外,大家爱可以参考下面的例子。

  2. 问句不是主题句,因为问句一般不会提供有信息的内容。

  3. 从句不是主题句,因为从句提供的信息不可能是主要信息。

  4. 明显包含细节的句子不是主题句

  5. However出现后看后半句

  6. In spite of/despite ,看后半句

  7. 平行关系的段落的没有主题句

  8. 有and 等并列关系词的选项一般为可选项

  A few months ago Kim Schaefer, sales representative of a major global pharmaceutical company, walked into a medical center in New York to bring information and free samples of her company's latest products. That day she was lucky - a doctor was available to see her.' The last rep offered me a trip to Florida. What do you have?' the physician asked. He was only half joking.

  这段话的主题句 An example of what doctors expect from a drug company.

  上面就是给大家分享的雅思标题对应题的解决方法,希望对大家备考有帮助。最后,小预祝大家考出满意的雅思成绩。

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