本文为大家带来雅思阅读全真练习(5)的内容，希望大家能够关注。本系列的模拟试题在难度、长度、题材、题型方面都与雅思考试近似的练习。这些练习，均以国外报刊上的文章为素材，按雅思阅读的题型，出题并提供答案及简单注释。
How a Frenchman is reviving McDonald's inEurope
A. When Denis Hennequin took over as theEuropean boss of McDonald's in January 2004, the world's biggest restaurant chain wasshowing signs of recovery in America and Australia, but sales in Europe were sluggish ordeclining. One exception was France, where Mr Hennequin had done a sterling job as head ofthe group's French subsidiary to sell more Big Macs to his compatriots. His task was toreplicate this success in all 41 of the European countries where anti-globalisers' favouriteenemy operates.
B. So far Mr Hennequin is doing well. Last year European sales increased by 5.8% and thenumber of customers by 3.4%, the best annual results in nearly 15 years. Europe accountedfor 36% of the group's profits and for 28% of its sales. December was an especially goodmonth as customers took to seasonal menu offerings in France and Britain, and to apromotion in Germany based on the game of Monopoly.
C Mr Hennequin's recipe for revival is to be more open about his company's operations, tobe “locally relevant”, and to improve the experience of visiting his 6,400 restaurants.McDonald's is blamed for making people fat, exploiting workers, treating animals cruelly,polluting the environment and simply for being American. Mr Hennequin says he wants toengage in a dialogue with the public to address these concerns.
D. He introduced “open door” visitor days in each country which became hugely popular.In Poland alone some 50,000 visitors came to McDonald's through the visitors' programme lastyear. The Nutrition Information Initiative, launched last year, put detailed labels on McDonald'spackaging with data on calories, protein, fat, carbohydrates and salt content. The details arealso printed on tray-liners.
E. Mr Hennequin also wants people to know that “McJobs”, the low-paid menial jobs atMcDonald's restaurants, are much better than people think. But some of his efforts havebackfired: last year he sparked a controversy with the introduction of a “McPassport” thatallows McDonald's employees to work anywhere in the European Union. Politicians accused thefirm of a ploy to make cheap labour from eastern Europe more easily available to McDonald'smanagers across the continent.
F. To stay in touch with local needs and preferences, McDonald's employs local bosses asmuch as possible. A Russian is running McDonald's in Russia, though a Serb is in charge ofGermany. The group buys mainly from local suppliers. Four-fifths of its supplies in France comefrom local farmers, for example. (Some of the French farmers who campaigned against thecompany in the late 1990s subsequently discovered that it was, in fact, buying their produce.)And it hires celebrities such as Heidi Klum, a German model, as local brand ambassadors.
G. In his previous job Mr Hennequin established a “design studio” in France to spruce uphis company's drab restaurants and adapt the interior to local tastes. The studio is nowmasterminding improvements everywhere in Europe. He also set up a “food studio”, wherecooks devise new recipes in response to local trends.
H. Given France's reputation as the most anti-American country in Europe, it seems oddthat McDonald's revival in Europe is being led by a Frenchman, using ideas cooked up in theFrench market. But France is in fact the company's most profitable market after America. Themarket where McDonald's is weakest in Europe is not France, but Britain.
I. “Fixing Britain should be his priority,” says David Palmer, a restaurant analyst at UBS.Almost two-thirds of the 1,214 McDonald's restaurants in Britain are company-owned,compared with 40% in Europe and 15% in America. The company suffers from the volatility ofsales at its own restaurants, but can rely on steady income from franchisees. So it should sellas many underperforming outlets as possible, says Mr Palmer.
J. M.Mark Wiltamuth, an analyst at Morgan Stanley, estimates that European company-owned restaurants' margins will increase slightly to 16.4% in 2007. This is still less than in thelate 1990s and below America's 18-19% today. But it is much better than before MrHennequin's reign. He is already being tipped as the first European candidate for the group'stop job in Illinois. Nobody would call that a McJob.
Questions 1-6 Do the following statements reflect the claims of the writer in ReadingPassage 1?
Write your answer in Boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet.
TRUE if the statement reflects the claims of the writer
FALSE if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this
1. McDonald was showing the sign of recovery in all European countries except Franceafter Denis Hennequin took office as the boss of Euro-markets.
2. Starting from last year, detailed labels are put on McDonald’s packaging and detailedinformation is also printed on tray-liners.
3. France is said to be the most anti-American country in Europe, but the ideas of the“open door” visiting days and “McPassport” are invented in the French market.
4. Britain possesses the weakest McDonald market among European countries andapproximately 1214 McDonald’s restaurants are company-owned.
5. According to David Palmer, a restaurant analyst at UBS, David Hennequin should treatthe problem about McDonald in Britain as the most important thing.
6. David Palmer suggested that the management of McDonalod in Italy should sell as manyits outlets which lose money in business as possible for revival.
Questions 7-10 Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them in boxes 7-10 onyour answe sheet.
7. The word “sterling” in line 3 of Paragraph A means__________.
A. difficult
B. menial
C. terrible
D. excellent
8. Which of the following statements on the accusation of MacDonald is NOT TRUE?
A. It tends to make people fat.
B. Its operations are very vague.
C. It tends to exploit workers.
D. It tends to treat animals cruelly.
9. Which of the following measures taken by Denis Hennequin produced undesired result?
A. “Food Studio” scheme.
B. “Open Door” visitor days.
C. The “McPassport” scheme.
D. The Nutrition Information Initiative.
10. What did Denis Hennequin do so as to respond to local trends?
A. set up a “Food Studio” .
B. established a “Design Studio”.
C. hired celebrities as local brand ambassadors.
D. employed local bosses as much as possible.
Questions 11-14 Complete each of the following statements (Questions 11-14) with wordsor number taken from Reading Passage 1.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 11-14 on your answer sheet.
11. After January 2004, McDonald was making improvement following a period of slump inAmerica and Australia, but sales in Europe were ………………………….
12. Business of McDonald in France and Britain was particularly good in December sincecustomers took to ……………………………..
13. Compared with other countries, France is McDonald’s ………………………. next to America.
14. ……………………. of McDonald’s restaurants in America are companied–owned and thefigure is much lower than that in Britain.
答案及解析 Key and Explanations：
Notes to Reading Passage 1
1.sterling高质量的
e.g. He has many sterling qualities. 他身上有许多优秀的品质。
2. menial 不体面的, 乏味的(工作、职业)
3. spruce up打扮整齐、漂亮、装饰
4. mastermind指挥、谋划(一个计划或活动)
e.g. The police know who masterminded the robbery.警察知道是谁策划了那次抢劫。
5. underperform表现不佳表现出低于标准的工作水平、企业出现亏本
Keys and explanations to the Questions 1-14
1. FALSE
See the second sentence in Paragraph A “One exception was France, where Mr Hennequinhad done a sterling job as head of the group's French subsidiary to sell more Big Macs to hiscompatriots. His task was to replicate this success in all 41 of the European countries…”.
2. TRUE
See the last sentence in Paragraph D “The Nutrition Information Initiative, launched lastyear, put detailed labels on McDonald's packaging with data on calories, protein, fat,carbohydrates and salt content. The details are also printed on tray-liners.”
3. NOT GIVEN
See Paragraph D, E and H “Given France's reputation as the most anti-American country inEurope, it seems odd that McDonald's revival in Europe is being led by a Frenchman, using ideascooked up in the French market.”.
4. FALSE
See the last sentence of Paragraph H and first sentence of Paragraph L “The market whereMcDonald's is weakest in Europe is not France, but Britain…Almost two-thirds of the 1,214McDonald's restaurants in Britain are company-owned…”
5. TRUE
See the first sentence of Paragraph I “Fixing Britain should be his priority,” says DavidPalmer, a restaurant analyst at UBS”.
6. NOT GIVEN
See the last sentence of Paragraph I “So it should sell as many underperforming outlets aspossible, says Mr Palmer”.
7. D
See the first sentence of Paragraph A “One exception was France, where Mr Hennequin haddone a sterling job as head of the group's French subsidiary to sell more Big Macs to hiscompatriots”.
8. B
See the second sentence of Paragraph D “McDonald's is blamed for making people fat,exploiting workers, treating animals cruelly, polluting the environment”
9. C
See the second sentence of Paragraph E “But some of his efforts have backfired: last yearhe sparked a controversy with the introduction of a “McPassport” that allows McDonald'semployees to work anywhere in the European Union..”
10. A
See the last sentence of Paragraph G “He also set up a “food studio”, where cooks devisenew recipes in response to local trends”.
11. sluggish or declining
See the first sentence of Paragraph A “When Denis Hennequin took over as the Europeanboss of McDonald's in January 2004, the world's biggest restaurant chain was showing signs ofrecovery in America and Australia, but sales in Europe were sluggish or declining.”
12. seasonal menu offerings
See the last sentence of Paragraph B “December was an especially good month ascustomers took to seasonal menu offerings in France and Britain, and to a promotion inGermany based on the game of Monopoly”.
13.most profitable market
See the second sentence of Paragraph H “But France is in fact the company's mostprofitable market after America”.
14. 15%
See the second sentence of Paragraph I “Almost two-thirds of the 1,214 McDonald'srestaurants in Britain are company-owned, compared with 40% in Europe and 15% in America”.
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