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雅思作文题目：
Some people believe that there should be fixed punishments for each type of crime. Others, however, argue that the circumstances of an individual crime, and the motivation for committing it, should always be taken into account when deciding on the punishment.
Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. (剑7 test2 task2)
范文：
1. Fixing punishments for each type of crime has been a debateable issue. There are many arguments supporting both views, those for and those against fixed punishments.
2. On one hand, fixed punishments will have a deterring effect on society. Individuals knowing that they will be subject to a certain punishment if they are convicted with a given crime, will reconsider committing this act in the first place.
3. This deterring effect also leads to social stability and security, through minimizing the number of crime committed.
4. If people knew they would be able to convince the court or the jury of a reason for having committed the crime they are accused of, penal decisions would be largely arbitrary. This would result into criminals getting away with their crimes and into a high level of injustice caused by the subjective approach of different courts.
5. On the other hand, taking the circumstances of a crime and its motivation into consideration is a prerequisite for establishing and ensuring justice and equity.
6. A person killing in self-defense cannot be compared to a serial killer, moving form one victim to the next. In my opinion an intermediary position between both solutions is the perfect way to establish and ensure justice and equity.
7. There have to be fixed punishments for all crimes. However, criminal laws have to provide for a minimum and a maximum for the punishment and the laws also have to foresee certain cases of exemptions.
8. An example for setting minimum and maximum penalties is Competition Law where a person being held liable of a crime under this law will be convicted to pay a fine, according to the harm caused by the violation and the profit gained by the violator through committing the crime.
9. As for the exemptions, in some countries the law exempts thiefs stealing food during a period of famine taking into consideration the distress and hunger.
10. Also, a person killing in self-defense will be exempted from punishment.
一、话题类型：
法律类
二、题目类型：
讨论类
三、题目简要内容：
A方-每种犯罪刑法固定;
B方-量罪定刑
四、素材积累：
词汇积累：
have a deterring effect on 对...有威慑作用
be convicted with sth. 被判有...罪行
social stability and security 社会稳定和安全
penal 刑事的
take into consideration/account 考虑
justice and equity 公平公正
be exempt from 得到豁免
violation 违背
be subject to 遭受
reconsider doing sth. 三思而后行
be accused of 被指控
prerequisite 先决条件
exemption 豁免
be held liable of 对...应负责任
句型积累：
(1)...has been a debatable issue, .....是个有争议的话题
(2)there are many arguments supporting... ...的观点有很多论据
五、论据积累：
论述时，提供举例论证来支撑观点。
六、结构分析：
题目：
一些人认为每种犯罪行为都应该有个固定惩罚，而另一些人则认为在决定惩罚的时候，永远需要考虑个体犯罪行为的环境和犯罪动机。讨论两种观点并给出你的看法。
写作思路：
从两方面进行分析和论证，然后再提出自己的观点。
四段式写作：
第一段：改写题目，引出话题;
第二段与第三段分别讨论两方面;
第四段总结自己的观点。
整体分析：
然而在本文中，文章的段落划分过多，并不是很合理。
重新分段的话应是：
第一自然段;
第二和第三自然段;
第四自然段到第六自然段第一句;
第六自然段第二句到第十自然段。
段落分析：
第一段：
改写题目，引出话题，是否应该为每种犯罪行为设置固定惩罚。
Fixing punishments for each type of crime has been a debateable issue. There are many arguments supporting both views, those for and those against fixed punishments.
...has been a debateable issue ...已成为一个争议的话题
debateable应为debatable
第二和第三段主要讲支持固定惩罚的观点以及理由。
On one hand, fixed punishments will have a deterring effect on society. Individuals knowing that they will be subject to a certain punishment if they are convicted with a given crime, will reconsider committing this act in the first place.
This deterring effect also leads to social stability and security, through minimizing the number of crime committed.
have a deterring effect on 对....有威慑作用
be subject to 常遭受...; 有...倾向的
reconsider doing sth. 三思而后行
leads to 导致，带来
minimize vt. 使缩到最小; 成极小; 求最小值
第四和第五段分析了判刑时考虑犯罪行为的环境和动机的利弊。
If people knew they would be able to convince the court or the jury of a reason for having committed the crime they are accused of, penal decisions would be largely arbitrary. This would result into criminals getting away with their crimes and into a high level of injustice caused by the subjective approach of different courts.
On the other hand, taking the circumstances of a crime and its motivation into consideration is a prerequisite for establishing and ensuring justice and equity.
jury 陪审团
be accused of 被指控、控告...
penal 刑事的
arbitrary adj. [数] 任意的; 武断的; 专制的
result into 应改为result in (导致，结果是)
the circumstances of ....的情况下
take into consideration 考虑
justice and equity 公平公正
第六段第一句话应该是第五段话的举例论证。
A person killing in self-defense cannot be compared to a serial killer, moving form one victim to the next.
self-defense 自卫
serial killer 连环杀手
第六段第二句话开始至最后是作者的观点，用了一种折中的方式表达出来，即一方面要有固定惩罚，一方面惩罚应有个弹性范围和豁免情形考虑。
In my opinion an intermediary position between both solutions is the perfect way to establish and ensure justice and equity.
There have to be fixed punishments for all crimes. However, criminal laws have to provide for a minimum and a maximum for the punishment and the laws also have to foresee certain cases of exemptions.
An example for setting minimum and maximum penalties is Competition Law where a person being held liable of a crime under this law will be convicted to pay a fine, according to the harm caused by the violation and the profit gained by the violator through committing the crime.
As for the exemptions, in some countries the law exempts thiefs stealing food during a period of famine taking into consideration the distress and hunger.
Also, a person killing in self-defense will be exempted from punishment.
intermediary 中间的
a minimum and a maximum 引申为最低线和最高线
foresee 预见
exemptions 豁免
be held liable of 有责任的，有义务
As for 关于，至于
thiefs 应改为thieves
结尾段，应该有个总结和归纳，指出自己的核心观点。
参考译文：
为每种犯罪行为设置固定惩罚一直都是有争议的话题。无论是同义还是反对固定惩罚，双方观点都有很多论据的支持。
一方面，固定惩罚会对社会有威慑作用。如果人们知道他们会因被判犯有某个特定罪行从而遭受某种处罚的话，他们会在行动之前三思。
这种威慑作用也会通过减少犯罪的数量带来社会稳定和安全。
如果人们知道他们将能够说服法庭或陪审团弹门犯下被指控的犯罪行为事出有因话，那么刑事决定将在很大程度都是武断的。这会导致犯罪分子逍遥法外，并由于不同法庭的主观臆断带来相当程度的不公平。
另一方面，把犯罪行为的环境和动机纳入考虑的范围内是建立和确保公平公正的先决条件。
因为自卫而杀人的人与从一个受害者到下一个受害者的连环杀手是无法相比的。我认为两种解决方法之间的中间方案是建立和确保公平公正的理想办法。
所有的犯罪行为都应该有固定惩罚。但是，刑法应该为惩罚提供最低线和最高线，法律也应该预见到某些豁免情形。
制定最低和最高惩罚的例子之一是竞争法，竞争法规定根据违法者的违法行为所导致的伤害和犯罪所获利益来判处犯罪责任人交纳罚金。
至于豁免，在某一些国家，考虑到危难和饥饿的缘故，法律豁免小偷在饥荒时期偷窃食物的行为。
而且，因为自卫而杀人的人也会被免除豁免。
以上就是雅思法律类大作文之关于固定惩罚的探讨的详细内容，希望广大考生如愿考出自己理想的雅思成绩，更多雅思备考经验我们将会陆续为大家更新，前程百利雅思考试频道不可错过!欢迎咨询我们的热线电话400-890-6000。
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