备考雅思小作文如何与高分结缘?考生们想要取得高分并没有那么容易,还需多努力。怎样才能做到,且听前程百利小编为你讲解。
小作文一般都是图表作文,常见的几种主要类型有:表格图,曲线图,柱状图,饼状图和图画题五大类。一般来说,柱图和线图是每月常考的题型,有时候会有连考或者交替考的趋势。
饼图和表格题也是相对频率较高的题型。偶尔也会考综合题。图画题主要分为流程图和地图题,一般每季度轮换题库的时候会出现。不管考到哪种题型,其要求都是一致的,先要挑选重要数值并且在相关处作比较。
在雅思A类小作文图表题的写作当中,考生经常会碰到图表看懂了,但因数据比较凌乱,找不出很明显的特征,或者找到了很多特征,却不知道应该用什么样的思路来把图表当中的重要信息和规律特征有机自然的联系贯穿起来的情况。小编将从动态图表和静态图表的角度来详细分析小作文的解题思路并给出考生例文,看看考官是如何进行批改雅思作文的,考生可以参考学习。
一、动态图
有时间推移变化的图我们通常叫做动态图。曲线图都是动态图,但是对于表格图,饼图和柱图却有动态和静态之分。对于大多数的动态图我们都可以大致当作线图来处理。动态图重点在数字变化的表达上,利用主语句型的不同和衔接关联词来展开。
写好动态图的基础是要准备好三个方面:
1. 解题思路
1). 表格题的动态题解题思路大致可以分为四步:
①先相减(年份大的减小的);
②后分类(上升一类,下降一类);
③挑出极值(最大值);
④挑选数值(倍数关系,变化明显的数值);
2). 线图的解题思路大致分为两种:
第一种:
① 按整条线来写(可以把相同趋势的线放在一起,也可把相反趋势的线拿来做对比);
② 挑选重要信息(整体趋势,起点,重点,最高点,最低点);
③ 整体作比较。
第二种:
① 按时间区间来写(横轴对上去有共同拐点或交点的分为一段);
② 对比着写(强调交点,拐点,最高点,最低点);
3). 动态柱图解题思路:把各个柱子的顶点连起来就是几条线,所以按线图方式处理;
4). 动态饼图解题思路:把每种颜色看做一条线,可把相同相反的颜色放在一起写,很多时候也可以把占的比例最大的单独写一部分。
2. 基础替换词汇
1). 趋势词汇
上升动词类:increase, rise, grow, jump, surge, shoot up, soar
下降动词类:decrease, decline, fall down, drop, sink, dip
波动动词类:fluctuate
持平动词类:remain the same, stabilize, remain stable, remain constant
修饰动词的副词:slightly 轻微地,slowly 缓慢地,gradually 逐渐地,steadily 稳定地,rapidly迅速地,moderately 温和地,轻微地,significantly 明显地,sharply 明显地,dramatically急剧地,drastically 急剧地
上升名词类:increase, rise, growth, jump, surge
下降名词类:decrease, decline, fall, reduction, drop
波动名词类:fluctuation
修饰名词的形容词:slight, slow, gradual, steady, rapid, moderate, significant,sharp, dramatic, drastic
2). 极值类词汇和表达
最高点:reach the peak/top/highest point
Increase to the peak/top/highest point (所有上升类的动词都可以替换掉increase)
最低点:reach the bottom/lowest point
drop to the bottom/lowest point(所有下降类的动词都可以替换掉drop)
占了:occupy/make up/take up/account for/represent/constitute
3). 倍数的表达方式
Double 是两倍/大一倍
Increase/decrease three times 增长/减少了三倍
4). 大约的表达方式
Approximately/About/around+数字
3. 常用的小作文的趋势句式表达
句式一:变化主体/图画中主体+趋势动词+副词+数值+时间区间
Eg: The number of aged people over 65 increased significantly from 1million in 1940 to 1.2 million in 2000.
句式二:There be+形容词+表示趋势的名词+in+变化的主体+时间区间
Eg: There was a significant increase in the number of aged people over 65from 1 million in 1940 to 1.2million in 2000.
句式三:时间+see/experience/witness+ 表示趋势的名词+in+ 变化的主体+ 数值
Eg: The period from 1940 to 2000 saw an upward trend in the number of agedpeople over 65 from 1 million to 1.2 million.
句式四:表示趋势的名词+be+seen/experienced/witnessed+in+变化的主体+时间
Eg: An upward trend was seen in the number of aged people over 65 from 1million in 1940 to 1.2million in 2000.
二、静态图
静态图常见的是柱图,饼图和表格题。静态图的写作思路相对比较多元化,重点在比较关系上,利用比较句式和排序方式来展开。我们主要也从以下几个角度来分析:
1. 解题思路
1). 表格题的静态题解题思路大致可以分为三步:
① 先分类(横向,纵向或者横竖交替);
② 挑出极值(最大值与最小值);
③ 挑选剩余数值(倍数关系,两个数值,变化明显的数值);
2). 静态柱图解题思路:
第一种:
① 按颜色来分类;
② 总体做比较。
第二种:
按特征分(把有相同特征的分在一起);
3). 静态饼图解题思路:
①若单个饼图不相关时,单个饼图分开写最后整体总结;
②若是同一相关事物的比较也是按颜色特征先分类,后作比较。
2. 基础替换词汇
1). 占据:
take up / make up / occupy/ account for
Constitute / be the instrument of 致成物
2). 剩余事物:
the rest
the remainder
sth is in the charge of
due to/owing to/attributed/ascribed to/ for sth
60%= three-fifths/three out of five
5/6=five-sixths
a/the majority of = a large portion/ part/ share / proportion/percentage
>80% (93%)= a lion’s share/maximal proportion of
5%= a minority of, a tiny portion
37.8%= comparatively a majority of (<50%的最大值)
87%/76% = comparatively a minority of
3. 静态图表示数值方式句式表达
1). 多个事物的排列法一(饼图,柱形图,表格)
① A is the largest/smallest/longest...
② B is a close/far second with just+数字less.
或者:which is followed by B.
③ Third comes C with only +数字
或者:C is close/far behind with +数字
或者:C takes third spot/place with +数字
④ Following C comes D with +数字
⑤ Finally/the rest is ,……
2). 多个事物的排列法二(饼图,柱形图,表格)
A occupied the maximal portion of the 研究对象, with 数字, while B accounted forcomparatively less rate, with only _(占据) , ranking second. Furthermore, thethird, forth and fifth places (或者用数字) altogether of the 研究对象was shared by C,D andE (共享). The remaining part of it was due to F, G, H, I and J which follow thesame trend and taking sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth and tenthrespectively.(剩余)
在了解了图表作文的基本内容之后,通过实例来分析提升的方向。下面,我们就一起考官是如何批改作文的吧,相信你会从中有所收获。
首先,请看下面这个小作文的开头段,看似行文流水,实则欲哭无泪。
As can be seen from the table chart, it gives us the percentage of national consumer experience by category in 2002 in five different countries.
谈及套句,小作文中“As can be seen from…” 曾被列为小作文必备佳句,而孰不知此句虽好,但native speaker常把它放在主体段落开头句。若论行文习惯,实在勉强。
再者,“table chart”必会让考官在批卷的疲劳中会心一笑。但是考生们,不知,你让他笑,他却让你人比黄花瘦,尽管他是那样的爱你。此短语翻译成中文叫“表格图”,考生自是觉得挺有中国风的感觉。但考官会认为是“这table就是表格,也就是图的一种,还后面要是再加一chart,再来一图。
但是,雅思写作,半学术文体,这词总有点较为随意。所以,宁为被动,隐去施动者,换成it can be seen ,或是it represents that等句,或许会更好点。考生最无辜的地方就是下面的这个percentage。我们都知道,衣服表格不可能只有全图一个数据,又怎会遗忘名词单复数的问题呢?
最后那个“in 2002 in five different countries”,感觉起来好似是信息满满,不知道是否也是信心满满?语法老师告诉我们:当句子中同时有地点状语和时间状语时,一般要把地点状语放在时间状语之前。要知道,不走寻常路,那是考官的作风。考生要是也这样做,哭泣大于微笑。
基于上述段落的分析,不知道同学们是否也会有所收获?其实开头段,自是不必非得写的那叫一个倾国倾城。简单大方,信息全面,能够统领全文,那就最好。你,懂得了吗?
其次,我们来看看例文,可供参考。
People have, in recent years, shown concern on the dire consequences of global warming and air pollution. Some people suggest that we should limit aret ravel (traveling) instead of car use. It seems to me that the objection against air travel is based on incorrect facts and stereotypes. (The) Vehicle is anintegral segment of urban industrial civilization, mirroring contemporary life,in its best and unrest aspects.
Just as machinery is integral to industrialization, air is central to world economy. (有逻辑关系吗?) Air travels make it possible for people to move around the world freely and quickly.
Today, the tips can be completed in a matter of hours. One can attend ameeting in Pairs and dinner in New York the same day. There is a growing recognition that air travels have several advantages,while (连接词使用有误,改成meanwhile) it can (补上主语) ensures (删掉s) the growth of modern business such as international tourism, transportation and express delivery,etc.
Therefore, limiting air travel itself is a grave mistake,that(非限定从句引导词改成which) would be a severe blow to these industries and may even damage world economy.
最后,通过了解与学习,考生们要结合自身的实际情况取长补短,查漏补缺,不断练习,一定能够取得进步,牵手高分指日可待。
以上就是备考雅思小作文如何与高分结缘的详细内容,希望考生能够考出满意的雅思成绩,更多雅思备考经验我们将会陆续为大家更新,欢迎咨询我们的热线电话400-890-6000。

