4个提高雅思写作分数的有效方法(下)为大家继续分享，本文中主要讲解是最后三个步骤，希望通过这两篇文章的讲解，考生能够收获到对自己备考有用的知识点，大有改进。
(接上文)
Step 2. Does your essay make sense?
第2步：你的文章是否说得通?
The next criterion the examiner uses when marking your essay is ‘Coherence and Cohesion’. What, I can hear you say, do they mean?
评分时，考官采用的第二个标准是“连贯与衔接”。嗯，我可以听到你们在问这是什么意思?
‘Coherence’ is about how logical your essay is. Have you used paragraphs? Is there a progression from one paragraph to the next? Is the information in the paragraphs arranged logically? Each paragraph should have a topic sentence that introduces the topic of the paragraph. The other sentences must logically develop that subject and should not introduce another topic.
“连贯性”与文章的逻辑有关。你是否使用了段落?从一个段落到下一个段落有没有用连接词?各个段落的安排逻辑是否通顺?每个段落应该有一个中心句介绍该段的主题。其他的句子必须在逻辑上围绕着这个主题，不能引入其他话题。
'Cohesion' is like the glue that sticks your sentences together. There should be a flow from one sentence to the next so you need to use some cohesive devices like ‘however’, 'in addition', 'because', 'as a result’, etc. However, be careful of overusing cohesive devices. If you use too many, it will seem unnatural. Another thing the examiner is looking for is referencing words. These are words which you use to refer back (or forwards) to other words. Here are two examples:
“衔接”就像胶水将你的句子粘在一起。从一个句子到另一个句子，应该要有承上启下的连接词，所以你需要使用过渡词如“however但是”，“in addition此外”，“because因为”，“as a result结果是”等等。但是，注意不要过度使用连接词。如果你用的太多，文章会显得不自然。考官关注的另一点是参考词，就是你用来指代前面所说的一些词，这里有两个例子：
i) While it has many clear benefits, it is obvious that globalisation also brings problems.
i) ，虽然它有很多显而易见的好处，很值得注意的是全球化也带来了问题。
Here ‘it’ refers forwards to ‘globalisation’.
在这里，“它”指的是 “全球化”。
ii) One of the advantages to studying abroad is mastering a new language. This skill will be of great benefit to the student for the rest of their life both in work and outside.
II)出国留学的优点之一是能掌握一门新语言。这个技能对学生今后的生活来说是大有裨益的，无论是在工作上还是生活中。
‘This skill’ refers back to ‘mastering a new language’.
“这个技能”是指前面所说的“掌握一门新的语言”。
We’re half way there now. The next 2 steps are the ones you probably think most about when doing an essay. They are just as important as the steps above.
现在，我们已经说了一半了。接下来的两个步骤可能是你在写作时思考的最多的方面。它们与上述的其他步骤一样重要。
Step 3. Have you used a range of vocabulary?
第3步：你是否用了一系列的词汇?
In order to score highly in the ‘lexical resource’ criterion, you need to use a variety of vocabulary accurately. This is where all your hours of reading and making notes of new words pays off. The examiner wants to see you using synonyms and collocations correctly and effectively. If you are writing about recycling rubbish, can you think of other ways of saying this?
为了在“词汇量”这个标准上获得高分，你需要准确地使用各类词汇养兵千日用兵一时。考官希望看到你能准确、合理地使用同义词和词组搭配。如果你正在写有关垃圾回收的文章，你能想到关于这一现象的其他说法吗?
recycle – reuse, separate out, reclaim, salvage rubbish – waste, litter, refuse, trash
Again a word of warning; don’t try to use 5 different ways of saying the same thing, because it will sound very unnatural. One or two should be enough.
再次告诫你们，不要试图用五种方式来描述同一个事情，因为这会听起来很奇怪。一到两个同义词就足够了。
What else can you do to show a range of vocabulary? Well, you can use different forms of the same word family to demonstrate your flexibility.
还有哪些方面可以展现你的词汇量?嗯，你可以使用一个单词的不同形式来体现你的灵活性。
an increase (noun), to increase (verb), increasingly (adverb) recycle waste (verb), recycled waste (adjective), waste material (‘waste’ as an adjective)
同比增长(名词)，增加(动词)，越来越多地(副词)回收利用(动词)，回收废料(形容词)，废料(“waste”为形容词)
And finally, learn vocabulary in chunks. When you are studying, and you meet a new word, look at the words before and after it. What other words go with the new word you are learning? They are very important, because if you don’t know what they are, you will not be able to use the new word correctly. This is called collocation.
最后，通过词块学习词汇。当你在学习时遇到一个新词，看看它看之前和之后的词语。这个你正在学习新词有什么单词可以与之搭配?他们是非常重要的，因为如果你不知道它们是什么，你将不能正确地使用新词。这就是所谓的搭配。
For example, if you learn the word excited, you also need to learn the preposition that goes after it –about. A correct usage of this word and preposition would be: “He was excited about his job”.
例如，如果你学习单词excited，你还需要知道跟他后面搭配的介词-about。关于这个词与介词的正确用法是：“He was excited about his job”。
Another example would be the word wind. There are certain adjectives which can be used to correctly describe wind. We can say “a strong wind”, but not “a big wind”.
另一个例子是单词wind。有一些特定的形容词，可用来准确地描述风。我们可以说“a strong wind”，而不能说“a big wind”。
Another thing to think about is what form does the new word take? By this I mean does it take the –ing form (e.g. look forward to doing something) or the to form (e.g. We made preparations to visitthe sights.). If you ask yourself these questions when you meet a word you don’t know, you will greatly improve your ability to use them correctly and so impress the examiner.
另一件要考虑的事是这个新词采取什么样的形式?我的意思是它用的是-ing形式(将来要做某事)或不定式(例如，我们准备去参观景点)。如果你在遇到一个单词不认识的单词时问自己这些问题，那么你正确运用这些单词的能力将会大大地提高。当然，也能让考官印象深刻。
And last but not least...
最后一点，
Step 4. Have you used a range of grammar?
第4步：你的语法是否多样性?
This is probably the area that students worry about the most. To get a high score in the‘Grammatical range and accuracy’ criterion, check that you have used a good range of grammar. As you are writing, and when you are checking your writing at the end, see if you have used a few of the following grammatical structures:
这可能是学生们最担心的一部分内容。为了在“语法范围和准确性”这一点拿到高分，检查一下自己是否运用了多样的语法结构。当你在写作，并最后检查全文时，看看自己是否使用了以下的语法结构：
tenses – present/past simple/continuous, present perfect, past perfect, will/going to passives relative clauses complex sentences e.g. As it was a hot day, we decided to go swimming. compound sentences e.g. It was a hot day so we decided to go swimming. modal verbs conditionals
时态 - 现在时/一般过去时/进行时，现在完成时，过去完成时，将来时引导的被动语态复合从句，例如：今天天气很热，我们决定去游泳。复合从句：那是炎热的一天，所以我们决定去游泳。
This is not a final list, but if you have a few of these structures in your essay, and you have used them correctly, your grammar will be varied and you will show the examiner that you can write using complex structures.
这不是最终名单，但如果你的文章中有几个这样的结构，你的语法将会显得丰富多样，这让考官明白你会使用复杂结构的句子。
So, by looking more carefully at each of the writing criteria you should be able to see where you can make progress. I hope that by following some or all of the steps above your IELTS score will improve. Remember, it won’t happen overnight – it takes time.
以上就是4个提高雅思写作分数的有效方法(下)的详细内容，希望考生在了解之后多加练习，逐渐提升写作水平，拿下高分。
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