倒装是针对语序而言的，顾名思义，就是句子成分不按正常的语序展开。下面就来给大家介绍下SAT语法点之倒装。
首先回顾一下正常的语序是什么样子的：
英语中五大基本句型语序：
S(主) + Vi(不及物动词)(谓)
S (主)+ Vt (及物动词)(谓)+ O(宾)
S (主)+ V(谓)(lv)( 系动词)+ P(表)
S (主)+ VT (谓)+ In O(间接 宾) + D O(直接 宾)
S (主)+ VT(谓)+ O(宾) + O C(宾补)
再观察下面句子的语序：
Here comes the bus.
Quite different is the outcome of successful revolution.
Only then can he create feelingly and coherently the combination of fact and meaning that Black audiences require for the exploration of their lives.
从上面的句子我们可以看到，当主语放到了谓语后面，就可以说该句子发生了倒装。那么了解了倒装的结构，我们再来想想，句子的语序为什么要倒装呢，当然不是为了故意为难读者，语言是为了表达服务的，其目的无非也是为了句意与句法的需要。
常见的倒装形式有以下几种：
倒装分为完全倒装和部分倒装。以下介绍了几种SAT考试中经常遇到的倒装情况。
①介词短语放在句首引起倒装
比如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等在句首时，句子可以倒装，当然，也可以不倒装。
1. Under the tree was sitting one of the biggest men I have ever seen.
2. Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles, turkeys and toys.
3. Amid the gaseous pollutants they inhale are carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrochloric acid, ammonia and hydrocarbons.
②表语放在句首引起倒装
例：
So small was the mark that I could hardly see it.
③表示方向的副词out, in, up, down等置于句首时
1. Out came the representatives.
2. Up went the arrow into the air.
3. Following the roar out rushed a tiger from the bushes.
注意：在上述全部倒装句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。
例：他过来了 Here he comes.
他们走了 Away they went.
④副词only放在句首引起的倒装
1. only引导的词组或句子放在句首作状语时，通常要用倒装结构。
例：Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.
2. only位于句首修饰状语要倒装。
例：Only then will I have a chance of achieving my dream.
3. 在句首的only如果后面跟了副词、介词短语或从句等状语，则主句用倒装结构。如果only后跟的是主语，就不用倒装结构了。
例：Only after a bitter struggle was the aim achieved.(倒装)
Only in this way can we learn English well. (倒装)
Only in the case of the February Revolution do we lack a useful description of participants. (倒装)
Only the teachers are allowed to use the room.(不倒装)
⑤否定词放在句首引起的倒装
这类词主要有never，neither，nor， little，seldom(很少，不常)， rarely(很少，罕有)， hardly， scarcely(几乎不，简直没有)， no sooner(立即)，not only, in no way(决不)， at no time， few， not，no。如不放在句首就不要倒装。
1. Hardly had the bell rung when the people in the club stand in a queue.
2. Nowhere will you find the ladder to scramble to the climax of the cliff.
3. No sooner had he arrived in Beijing than he began to do researches in the laboratory.
⑥there be句型
there be句型也是一种完全倒装，其中be动词还可以用别的动词来代替，比如：exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand等。
1. There is a box on the table.
2. There exist different opinions on this question.
3. There stands a monument to Lin Zexu at the center of the square, which attracts a great many of visitors all the year round.
通过今天的讲解，相信大家对倒装的知识点应该比较清晰了，以后在做题的过程中适当加以运用即可，预祝大家取得优异成绩。
您还可能关注：
