新SAT语法考试中标点符号部分重点考察六大方面，在北美首考中，句内标点考察最多，其次是所有格。这两大部分涉及逗号、分号、冒号、撇号和破折号几种标点的用法。其中逗号的考查是一个重点，因此下面小编为大家介绍的就是新SAT语法标点符号之逗号详解的内容，希望对大家有帮助。
一.逗号的常见用法
1. 与并列连接词连用，分开句子的主要成分。例如：
She knew very little about the new system, and he volunteered nothing.
The trial lasted for nine months, but he jury took only four hours to reach its verdict.
2. 用于分开主从复合句、同位语，插入语。例如：
Having agreed to disagree, they turned to other matters.
The report, after being read aloud, was put up for consideration.
3. 用于分开连接词和词组，举例词和词组。例如：
Indeed, no one seemed to have heard of him.
They concluded, however, that it was meaningless.
Three have complied, namely, Togo, Benin, and Ghana.
4. 用于一系列的列举。例如：
Men, women, and children crowded aboard the train.
Her job required her to pack quickly, to travel often, and to have no personal life.
5. 用于表示对比关系。例如：
This project will take six months, not six weeks.
6. 用于分开两个，或三个并列的形容词。例如：
in a calm, reflective manner
the harsh, damp, piercing wind
7. 用于分开同位语。例如：
We visited Verdun, site of the famous battle.
Its author, Maria Olevsky, was an expert diver.
8. 用于分开原文和引用部分。如果引用部分以问号或者叹号结尾，省略逗号。
She answered, “I am leaving.”
“I suspect,” Bob observed, “we will be hearing more.”
“How about another round ?” Elaine piped up.
9. 用于表示平行结构中省略的部分。例如：
Eight councilors cast their votes for O'Reilly; six, for Mendez.
Seven voted in favor, three against.
更多内容查看点击：新SAT语法标点符号考察和例题解析
二.逗号的常见考察
逗号(comma)是最常见也最易出错的考点，逗号在SAT考试中主要考查三大用法。
1. 连接并列成分
逗号最常考的用法就是连接并列成分，这就要求大家在备考中注意句子中并列成分的鉴别和划分，注意逗号使用的位置：三者或以上的平行中，逗号在前几个平行成分间使用进行区分，在最后一个平行成分前使用and或其他连接词连接，表示平行关系结束。
例如：Over time, I’ve gotten to know several of my co-working colleagues: another website developer, a graphic designer, a freelance writer, and several mobile app coders.
其中developer，designer，writer之后的逗号就起到连接并列成分的作用。这部分对应的较容易出现的错误用法考察主要是逗号分隔位置不正确，尤其注意不能用在连接词的后面，也就是说必须是Peter，Paul，and Mary而不能出现Peter，Paul and，Mary这样的写法。
2. 分隔插入语
插入语部分一般情况下是句子主干以外的独立成分，用于补充信息、解释说明或提供例证。在句子中用逗号、破折号、或者括号隔开。主要分为非限定性定语从句、介词短语、动名词短语、同位语等等。
这部分内容最常出错的地方就在于插入语前后逗号或其他标点的错用或混用，
例题：
The man she married Leo Tolstoy was one of the world’s greatest writers.
(A) NO CHANGE
(B) married Leo Tolstoy, was
(C) married, Leo Tolstoy was
(D) married, Leo Tolstoy, was
答案：D
解析：托尔斯泰是补充说明The man she married的成分，在整个句子中是同位语(名词性的插入语)，需要用标点隔开，A选项缺失标点导致句子出现没有连词连接的两个独立的主语，需要使用标点将同位语分隔出来。因此保证句子正确的只有D项。
3. 分隔状语从句等副词属性的成分
副词性成分在句子中可以单独放置在句首或句子中间，包括状语从句、副词短语、独立结构等等，此时需要正确使用逗号将其与主干句隔离开来。比如：Bats play a vital role in ecosystems, providing billions of dollars worth of insect-suppression and pollination services to farmers around the United States.这个句子中providing使用现在分词做伴随状语，补充说明bats的作用，此处需要用逗号将其隔开。这个考点需要注意副词结构的判断，避免错误得将形容词、名词性的成分误分。
例题：
People who pursue careers in transportation planning have a wide variety of educational backgrounds.
A. NOCHANGE (People who pursue careers in transportation planning)
B. People, who pursue careers in transportation planning,
C. People who pursue careers, in transportation planning,
D. People who pursue careers in transportation planning,
答案：A
解析：Objective (focus): Students must distinguish between restrictive or essential and nonrestrictive or nonessential sentence elements and avoid unneeded punctuation.该题考查标点符号中逗号的用法，逗号起到断句的功能，使得句子连接不是很紧密，而本题中who修饰people，紧密挨着，不加逗号会更好。此题对于逗号用法的细微考查在现行SAT中考查较少，因此同学要更加关注此点。
更多内容查看点击：新SAT语法合并句子题解题方法和例题详解
以上就是小编为大家介绍的新SAT语法标点符号之逗号详解的全部内容，希望大家通过上面的了解能够更好的掌握这种题型，最后希望大家都能取得理想的成绩。
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