在托福口语评分标准中，流利是高分的重要因素之一，托福口语答案中信息点之间的衔接是否自然流畅，直接影响到大家的托福口语表达效果。下面前程百利小编为大家介绍6个托福口语练习方法:
1. 运用总分总的结构
Your listeners will understand your talk better if youorganize what you say ina logicalsequence or linear pattern. This means thatyou tell the listeners whatyou are going to talkabout and then go through thepoints you want to make. Themost common pattern oforganization is outlinedbelow:
Introductory statement
Point 1
Point 2
Point 3
Concluding statement
An example of this pattern is shown below:
Breeding butterflies has many advantages for thecollector.
1. way of obtaining specimens
2. spares can be released into the wild
3. helps survival because butterflies have beenprotected from natural predators
The experience is a learning experience for thecollector and a benefit to thespecies.
2. 运用连接词
Connecting ideas by using transition words andphrasestells your listeners the relationshipof one idea to the next. You cansignal toyour listener that you are going to put events in asequence, addinformation,or make a comparison. You can signal that you want toemphasize orclarify apoint. Using transition words and phrases helps your listenerfollowthe flow ofyour ideas. Read the following example without transitionalexpressions:
In my physics class, we did lots of experimentsthathelped clarify scientific principles. Iunderstood those principles betterbydoing those experiments.
These sentences would flow better if the speakerusedtransitional expressions as in thefollowing example:
In my physics class, we did lots of experimentsthathelped clarify scientific principles. As aresult, I understood thoseprinciplesbetter.
3. 解释或定义陌生概念
In order to help your listeners understand, you mayneed to define a term thatyou use inyour response. Read the following example:
My hobby is telemark skiing.
If the speaker does not define the term and listenersdo not know what telemarkskiing is,they might not understand the rest of thepassage. Sometimes listenerscan guess themeaning through the context of thepassage, but sometimes theycannot. Here is thedefinition this speaker gave oftelemark skiing:
That means skiing using telemark skis.
Even though the speaker defined telemark skiing,listeners still may notunderstand whatit means because the speaker defined theterm with the same word.To effectively define aword, use a three-partdefinition:
1. State the word or phrase to be defined.
2. Give the category that the word or phrase fitsinto.
3. Tell how the word is different from other wordsthat fit the same category.
Read this example of an effective definition:
Telemark is a type of alpine skiing in which the bootsare connected to the skisonly at thetoes, so traditional skiing techniqueshave to be modified.
4. 正确使用平行结构
Your listener can understand the flow of your ideasbetter if you use parallelstructureswhen you speak. Read the followingincorrect example:
My teacher gave interesting assignments and motivatingthe students.
The listener may be confused because the speaker hasmixed differentgrammaticalstructures. Does the speaker mean My teacher gaveinteresting andmotivating assignments tothe students'? In this sentence,interesting andmotivating are parallel adjectives. Or does thespeaker mean Myteacher gaveinteresting assignments and motivated the students? Inthissentence, gave andmotivated are parallel verbs.
5. 对关键词进行替换或同义转换
When a speaker keeps repeating a word or phrase,listeners can get confused. Read thefollowing example:
My teacher wrote the assignment on the chalkboard. Theassignment was on thechalkboard until the teacher erased the assignment afterwe had all done the assignment.
This speaker's ideas would be clearer if the repeatedwords were replaced with otherexpressions or with pronouns. Look at the waythis example can be improved:
My teacher wrote the assignment on the chalkboard. Sheerased the board after we had allcompleted the task.
The word assignment has been replaced with task; theword teacher with she; and theword chalkboard with board.
6. 时态、人称和数量的统一
Your listener can get confused if you are notconsistent. Look at the followingexample:
My teacher brought five paper bags to school one day.He put us into groups andgaveeach group a bag. You have to take the objectsout of the bags in turn andthen a person hasto tell a story involving theobject from the bag.
The listener may get confused by the change from thepast tense to the presenttense,and the change from us to you and then to aperson. The listener mightalso be confused bythe change from the plural formobjects and bags to the singularforms object and bag.
The listener could follow this speaker's ideas betterif the speaker wereconsistent. Look atthe way this example can be improved:
One day my teacher put us into five different groups.He gave each group a bagand told usto take turns pulling out an object andtelling the other members ofthe group a story involvingthat object.
如果你能掌握上面这6个方面的技巧，那么你的托福口语成绩一定会趋近满分的
以上就是前程百利小编要和大家分享的托福口语考试中的备考技巧，希望可以帮助的大家备考，如果想了解更多考试资讯，欢迎登陆前程百利论坛，最后预祝每一位考生都能考出好成绩。
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