今天前程百利小编为大家分享的是托福听力的背景学习。备考托福听力就要把听力文本吃透分析彻底。这样不仅能积累背景材料，还能把听力的专业词汇积累起来一块背诵，为托福听力打下坚实的基础。下面跟小编一起学习中更新世的犯罪调查现场吧!
Skull fragments dating back 430,000 years appear to be those of the world's first known murder victim, based on the damage observed.
The first murder victim in the Bible is Abel, taken out by his brother Cain. And now we have what looks to be the earliest known homicide to be confirmed by scientists—a new study concludes that human remains found at an archeological site in northern Spain are from someone who was bludgeoned to death about 430,000 years ago.
The researchers pieced together 52 skull fragments found in an underground cave. Two holes above the left eye socket are especially diagnostic—a blow that would create either hole would probably be deadly. And the lack of any signs of healing around the holes implies either that the impacts were lethal, or occurred after death. The absence of any cut marks on the skull helps rule out postmortem cannibalism or rituals that could have caused the observed damage.
The discovery of the body in a cave could mean that the victim was moved there. The find would thus be evidence for ancient burial practices—unless the murderer was just hiding the body.
This exceedingly cold case crime scene investigation shows that, even before the emergence of modern humans some 200,000 years ago, violence and murder were a part of life. The perpetrator’s remains remain at large.
疑难词汇：
Pleistocene n. 更新世;更新世岩
Skull n. 头盖骨，脑壳
Victim n. 受害人;牺牲品;牺牲者
Homicide n. 杀人;杀人犯
Confirmed adj. 确认的;保兑的;坚定的;惯常的v. 确证;使坚定(confirm的过去分词);批准
Archeological adj. 考古学的
Socket n. 插座;窝，穴;牙槽vt. 给…配插座
Diagnostic adj. 诊断的;特征的n. 诊断法;诊断结论
Postmortem n. 验尸;检视;尸体检查adj. 死后的;死后发生的
Cannibalism n. 食人;嗜食同类;残忍的行为
Murderer n. 凶手;谋杀犯
Perpetrator n. 犯罪者;作恶者;行凶者
长难句解析：
1. The discovery of the body in a cave could mean that the victim was moved there.
难句类型：
That引导的宾语从句
句子主干：
The discovery mean the victim
难句拆分：
of the body 作discovery的定语;in a cave作地点状语;that the victim was moved there.
作mean的宾语。
2. And now we have what looks to be the earliest known homicide to be confirmed by scientists—a new study concludes that human remains found at an archeological site in northern Spain are from someone who was bludgeoned to death about 430,000 years ago.
难句类型：
What引导的宾语从句+That引导的宾语从句
句子主干：
we have homicide
难句拆分：
what looks to be the earliest known homicide to be confirmed by scientists 作have的宾语;
that human remains found at an archeological site，that引导的从句作concludes的宾语
3. Two holes above the left eye socket are especially diagnostic—a blow that would create either hole would probably be deadly.
难句类型：
That引导的定语从句
句子主干：
Two holes are especially diagnostic
难句拆分：
that would create either hole would probably be deadly，that引导的定语从句修饰a blow.
文本结构特点：
本篇文章主要讲的是中更新世的犯罪调查现场。第一次谋杀是发生在《圣经》里。亚伯被自己的兄弟该隐所杀害。经过科学研究最早的谋杀案发生在43万年前。
好了，以上就是前程百利小编为大家整理的备考托福听力背景材料以及专业词汇的学习。大家学会了吗?希望能在备考托福的路上助大家一臂之力。预祝大家取得好成绩。
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