今天前程百利小编为大家分享的是托福听力的背景学习。备考托福听力就要把听力文本吃透分析彻底。这样不仅能积累背景材料，还能把听力的专业词汇积累起来一块背诵，为托福听力打下坚实的基础。下面跟小编一起看一下黑洞的爆发。
A galaxy 12.5 billion light-years away gives off the light of 300 trillion suns, because its feeding black hole produces enough heat to set the whole galaxy's dust glowing. Lee Billings reports
Astronomers have discovered the most luminous galaxy ever found, shining with the equivalence of 300 trillion suns from the far side of the visible universe. But almost all of that light is being produced by the galaxy’s central supermassive black hole—not by its stars. The enlightening finding is in The Astrophysical Journal.
Black holes are black because light itself cannot escape once falling in. But a feeding black hole is surrounded by a whirling, white-hot disk of glowing debris—material heated to millions of degrees as it spirals down to oblivion. The black hole in this faraway galaxy is on a feeding frenzy. The activity produces enough light to warm up most of the galaxy’s dust—which gives the whole galaxy an infrared glow that we can detect from more than 12.5 billion light-years away.
Considering we are seeing this giant black hole’s activity from a time when the universe was only a tenth of its present age, astronomers are puzzled about how it could’ve grown so big so fast. A young, hungry black hole usually takes an occasional break from feeding—its glowing debris disk can get so intense it pushes incoming material further away. Think of a baby burping mid-meal.
But this particular galaxy’s black hole seems to have circumvented this limitation—if it’s burping, the burps seem to be few and far between.
One theory is that it must be spinning very slowly—the slower a black hole spins, the weaker its repulsive burps may be, and the longer it can gorge uninterrupted. Study co-author Andrew Blain of the University of Leicester says that a slow spin may be how this black hole has sustained its binge, which he calls the equivalent of “winning a hot-dog-eating contest lasting hundreds of millions of years.” And if there’s any mustard with those dogs, rest assured: it’s hot.
疑难词汇：
Galaxy n. 银河;[天] 星系;银河系;一群显赫的人n. 三星智能手机品牌 2015年三星中国公布Galaxy的中文名称为“盖乐世”
Trillion n. [数] 万亿adj. 万亿的num. [数] 万亿
Luminous adj. 发光的;明亮的;清楚的
Equivalence n. 等值;相等
Supermassive adj. 特大质量的
Enlightening adj. 使人领悟的;有启发作用的v. 启蒙;通知(enlighten的ing形式)
Degree n. 程度，等级;度;学位;阶层
Infrared n. 红外线adj. 红外线的
Burping n. 打嗝;饱嗝儿vi. 打嗝;打饱嗝vt. 使打嗝
Mustard n. 芥末;芥菜;深黄色;强烈的兴趣
Binge n. 狂欢，狂闹;放纵vt. 放纵vi. 狂饮作乐;大吃大喝
长难句解析：
1. The activity produces enough light to warm up most of the galaxy’s dust—which gives the whole galaxy an infrared glow that we can detect from more than 12.5 billion light-years away.
难句类型：
Which引导的定语从句+that引导的定语从句
句子主干：
The activity produces enough light
难句拆分：
which gives the whole galaxy an infrared glow，Which引导的定语从句;that we can detect from more than 12.5 billion light-years away，that引导的定语从句修饰glow.
2. Study co-author Andrew Blain of the University of Leicester says that a slow spin may be how this black hole has sustained its binge, which he calls the equivalent of “winning a hot-dog-eating contest lasting hundreds of millions of years.”
难句类型：
That引导的宾语从句+which引导的非限制性定语从句
句子主干：
Andrew Blain says that
难句拆分：
that a slow spin may be how this black hole has sustained its binge, That引导的宾语从句; which he calls the equivalent of “winning a hot-dog-eating contest lasting hundreds of millions of years, which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰binge.
文本结构特点：
本篇文章主要讲的是研究表明黑洞的爆发将会成为最亮的星系。一团质量相当于地球3倍的气体，落入银河系中心超大黑洞的口中。得到食物补充的黑洞，也将从沉睡中苏醒，转入爆发模式，使其成为最亮的星系。
好了，以上就是前程百利小编为大家整理的备考托福听力背景材料以及专业词汇的学习。大家学会了吗?希望能在备考托福的路上助大家一臂之力。预祝大家在托福考试中取得好成绩。
您还可能关注：
