托福听力中天文类的讲座占到了很大一部分。而且天文类的文章也比较难，因为离我们太遥远，专业知识也不够。所以今天前程百利小编以一篇文章为大家举例讲解托福听力天文类的讲座的3大难点。本篇文章来源于SSS的最新科技文章，主要介绍的是彗星撞击月球激起粒子云。
The same particles(微粒) that streak(飞跑) through Earth's atmosphere as "shooting stars(流星雨)kick up lunar dust when they strike the surface of the atmosphere-less moon.
Every day, 100 tons of space dust rain down on the Earth's atmosphere. By night, we know this material as shooting stars. And our neighbor the moon is likewise exposed to that debris(残骸)—but without an atmosphere to stop it. So all those particles strike the moon's surface, at 12 miles per second, like tiny bullets. And each impact kicks up a thousand times its weight, in moondust.
难点一：词汇
在上面两段中，particles(微粒);shooting stars(流星雨)，这类专业词汇在备考过程中同学们一定要注意积累，天文学之所以难，是因为单词没准备好，专业词汇不了解。
星体常见类型的英文说法，比如恒星(star)行星(planet)星云(Nebula)星系(galaxy)白矮星(white dwarf)矮行星(dwarf planet)小行星(asteroid)彗星(comet)这些，等等。
太阳系内天体名称及特点，比如八大行星及分类，彗星(Halley's comet哈雷彗星)，卫星(moon)等等。
常见地形地势词汇，比如环形山陨石坑(crater)、赤道(equator)两极(polar)、地幔(mantle)地壳(crust)等。这些基本的词汇是我们必须要了解的。
Mihály Horányi, a physicist(物理学家) at the University of Colorado, makes this analogy: "Imagine you are making pasta (意大利面)and there's flour(面粉) on the table, and you get impatient and upset and you smack(用掌击) the table. There's going to be a whole cloud of tiny particles, you know, flying off the table."
难点二背景知识不够了解
关于这篇文章的背景知识：彗星尘指的是宇宙尘，它的来源是彗星。彗星尘可以提供彗星起源的线索。彗星的体积大小的特性，像是密度以及化学成分，可以区分模型之间的不同。上面的介绍中，为大家用生活中最常见的例子模拟了彗星尘。如果知道讲座的背景知识和具体的例子，天文学讲座就不是问题。
Horányi and his colleagues sampled that cloud of particles with NASA's Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer, or LADEE, as it orbited the moon, slurping(啜食) up dust. Judging by the shape and density of the dust cloud, the scientists say the particles striking the moon and kicking up the cloud must be mostly high-speed comet(彗星) grains, rather than slower bits of asteroid(小行星). And, as you might expect, the moon's halo of dust increases during heavy bombardment(重型轰炸机部队)—the same time that we have meteor showers here on Earth. There is one mystery these measurements do not solve: the source of the strange "horizon glow" the Apollo astronauts(宇航员) observed on the moon. Because Horányi says that, based on these samples, there just isn't enough dust to create the visual effect the astronauts saw. But one way to figure out is to try it again. Send people. Orbit the moon again and see if we have better instruments and take better images, see if we could resolve this." But if NASA's current plans are any indication(指示), it might be a while before any American astronauts see that glow firsthand(直接的).
难点三对考察点和考察方向缺乏了解
托福听力的考察点一般在于特殊人名地名，只要出现这些一般都会是考察点。例如: Horányi and his colleagues sampled that cloud of particles with NASA's Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer, or LADEE, as it orbited the moon, slurping(啜食) up dust.在出现 but等转折词后面一般都有考点，例如：But if NASA's current plans are any indication(指示), it might be a while before any American astronauts see that glow firsthand(直接的).
好了，以上就是前程百利小编为大家整理的托福听力天文学讲座3大难点。相信大家一定有所收获，希望能在备考的路上助大家一臂之力。最后，小编预祝大家在托福考试中取得好成绩。
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