最近，小编在整理托福阅读词汇题，先来个表格给大家看看：
| TPO | 词汇题数目 |
| 1 | 14 |
| 2 | 10 |
| 3 | 12 |
| 4 | 11 |
| 5 | 12 |
| 6 | 12 |
| 7 | 10 |
| 8 | 12 |
| 9 | 13 |
| 10 | 11 |
| 11 | 12 |
| 12 | 11 |
| 13 | 11 |
| 14 | 12 |
| 15 | 12 |
从上面这种图表可以看出词汇题在托福阅读中所占的比重！
词汇题是考察同学们对文中某一单词或词组含义的题目，涉及一词多义、近义辨析、联系上下文语境推测词语含义等。想做好词汇题，首先，我们要有足够的词汇量，这是基本要求，当然了，不可能我们会把阅读词汇题目中所以的词汇都准备到；或者准备到也不一定答得对。那么遇到这样的词汇题，怎么保证猜对意思呢？
小编通过百利天下老师们提供的教材，学到了以下方法，为了便于应用，还为大家找到了相应举例。
1.利用构词法推理
例：Apart from statues representing deities, kings, and named members of the elite that can be called formal, there is another group of three-dimensional representations that depicts generic figures, frequently servants, from the nonelite population.
The word depicts in the passage is closest in meaning to
○ imagines
○ classifies
○ elevates
○ portrays
depict描述，de表示向下，pict表示画，图，染料等，所以D的portray画，描绘正确。
2.直接利用文章中的反义推理，与此相关额词汇有：rather than, instead of, unlike, in constrast ,on the contrary等
例：Glaciers are part of Earth's hydrologic cycle and are second only to the oceans in the total amount of water contained. About 2 percent of Earth's water is currently frozen as ice. Two percent may be a deceiving figure, however, since over 80 percent of the world's freshwater is locked up as ice in glaciers, with the majority of it in Antarctica.
The word deceiving in the passage is closest in meaning to
○approximate
○exaggerated
○unusual
○misleading
原句说2%是个什么样的数字，因为全球约有80%的淡水是以冰川的形式存在的，大部分都在南极洲，从作者的however猜出作者对于这个数字的态度是不太信任的，所以答案是D，作者的意思是2%少了。
3.利用并列关系推理，与此相关的词汇有：and, not only…but also, as…as, both等
例：Several skeletons of another early whale, Basilosaurus, were found in sediments left by the Tethys Sea and now exposed in the Sahara desert.
The word exposed in the passage is closest in meaning to
○ Explained
○ Visible
○ Identified
○ Located
这道题目很多同学会选择第四个选项(locate：坐落于…)，将这个含义带入到语句当中，意思也通顺，指Basilosaurus坐落于撒哈拉沙漠。但是这里需要注意的是，托福的词汇题并不是选项带入搭配合适就一定能找到正确答案，而是应该从语境入手来选择。正确的做法是，首先查看生词附近有无并列，转折等语境上的含义暗示。本句当中，生词的前方有“and”来暗示并列，而从句子结构来看，前半句中的动词“found”，意思是“找到，发现”，那么后半句的exposed对应语境也应该强调发现某物，即找到，或者看见某物。因此这道题目的正确答案选择B(visible：可看见的)。
4.利用解释关系
即利用前后的句子或者单词来解释单词意思。
例：An ant colony may be legitimately called a superorganism because its communication system is so highly organized that the colony always works as a whole and appropriately according to the circumstances.
The word legitimately" in the passage is closest in meaning to
○commonly
○broadly
○properly
○officially
原句说蚂蚁群落的沟通方式如此有序，它们总是根据环境的变化整体出动，因此群落被怎么样称为超级有机体。
下文讲到：图像由1-2英寸变成6-9英寸，有了从小到大的具体数字变化，此句解释了意思。
5.利用动宾关系
看动宾搭配
例：The oxidation of exhaust gases is one of primary sources of the world’s pollutions. The brown haze that is poised over some of the world’s largest cities is properly called photochemical smog。
The word poised in this sentence is closest in meaning to__
○interacting
○sitting
○blowing
○poisoning
首先从搭配关系上可以排除interacting ,interact with然后可以从上下文关系排除blowing over因为吹走了就是不会有smog。而poison考试中及物才有pollute的含义，不及物只有一种含义表示投毒。
6.利用形容词修饰名词关系
看搭配
例：when the gas reaches the air, it comes into contact with available oxygen from atmosphere and combines with the oxygen to produce nitrogen dioxide (No2)，which is a gas with a brownish hue。
The word hue in this sentence is closest in meaning to
○color
○odor
○thickness
○smoke
对于本题你会发现有个小词brownish呈褐色的，首先从形容词修饰名词关系可以直接排除B odor C thickness，其次可以通过a gas with brownish hue前面的gas排除D smoke，用词重复。所以正确答案是A。
以上就是百利天下考试为大家整理的有关托福阅读词汇题的内容，希望能够帮助大家的托福备考。若您想了解托福考试更多相关信息请关注百利天下出国考试。
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