在南非，有一些犀牛正处在危险的环境中，偷猎者猖獗，使得它们的数量越来越少，环境保护主义者们为此做了哪些？竟然是空运犀牛。到底是怎样的实现的呢？今天的托福阅读材料就为您解开谜题！
在进行托福阅读之前，先来学习一下文章中的疑难词：
Crate n. 板条箱；篓
herd n. 兽群v. 放牧v. 成群
Slaughter n. v.屠宰，屠杀
Be hacked off被砍
Purport n. 意义；意图vt.意图；打算
smoke and mirrors烟雾和镜子；欺骗性行为
Parasit n. 寄生虫
Restock vi. 补充货源；补足
Dwindle vt. 使缩小，使减少vi. 减少
thwart vt. 挫败；反对；阻碍
rampant adj. 猖獗的
Enlist vt. 使入伍；征募vi. 支持；从军
collusion n. 勾结；共谋
好了，开始阅读吧！
Largest Rhino Airlift Ever to Move 100 At-Risk Animals
有史以来规模最大的犀牛空运：运送100头处于危险的犀牛
Weighing up to two and a half tons each, rhinos aren't easy to herd, let alone pack into crates and ship across national borders in airplanes.
犀牛平均重达2.5吨，很难去管理，更不用说把它们装进货箱，空运到境外了。
But that's what conservationists are doing with about a hundred rhinos in South Africa, in an admittedly desperate bid to save the endangered animals from poachers and establish new populations in the wild.
但是在南非保护主义者真的这么做了，他们这样运送了100多头犀牛来竭力拯救它们。因为偷猎者和野外入侵者它们处于危险之中。
"Rhino conservation is a desperate situation, so we are moving rhinos from the highest poaching areas to the lowest poaching areas," says Dereck Joubert, a wildlife filmmaker and conservationist based in Botswana's Okavango Delta.
在博茨瓦纳奥卡万戈三角洲工作的野生动物纪录片制作人，自然保护主义者Dereck Joubert表示： “犀牛的栖息地是对它们生存不利的，所以我们要把它们从偷猎高发地运到更安全的地方”
Rhino conservation is a desperate situation.
犀牛生存状况堪忧
There are an estimated 4,000 to 5,000 black rhinos and 20,000 white rhinos left in Africa, with another one killed by poachers every seven and a half hours, says Joubert, a National Geographic explorer-in-residence. That's more than a thousand rhinos slaughtered a year, mostly so their horns can be hacked off and sold in China and Vietnam on the black market.
国家地理探险家Joubert讲到，在非洲仅剩大约4000到5000黑犀和20000白犀，平均每七个半小时就会有一头被偷猎者杀死。这样算起来一年将会有1000多头被屠杀，大多猎捕者会把它们的犀牛角砍下并在中国、越南的黑市上售卖。
The horn is marketed as a cure for a wide range of ailments and fetches about $65,000 (U.S.) per kilogram (2.2 pounds) on the street, even though Western scientists dismiss its purported medical uses. "It's smoke and mirrors；it does nothing," says Joubert. "It's like chewing your fingernails."
犀牛角可以作为治疗许多病症的药被出售，尽管西方科学家并不承认它们的药用价值，售价还是高达$65000/kg 。Joubert还说到，“这都是骗人的，犀牛角并没有这些作用，和指甲差不多”。
Joubert and his wife Beverly launched a nonprofit campaign last year called Rhinos Without Borders, which recently moved ten rhinos from overcrowded reserves in South Africa to an undisclosed staging area in a protected part of the country.
Joubert和妻子去年发起了“犀牛无国界”活动，最近已经把在南非拥挤栖息地的10头犀牛运到了国家保护区的秘密基地。
The animals are being treated for illnesses and parasites. In a few months, they'll be flown by cargo plane to another undisclosed location in a park in northern Botswana.
针对犀牛的疾病或者寄生虫病，这些犀牛正在被治疗。几个月后，它们将会乘货机到博茨瓦纳南部的另一秘密地区。
These types of airlifts have been tried before, for rhinos, elephants, and other animals, but the Jouberts' plan makes it the largest airlift of rhinos in history.
这种类型的空运以前也有过，运送过犀牛、大象还有其他动物，但是Jouberts 的计划使得这次空运成为历史上最大规模的一次。
Big Moves
大规模运送
Game managers have been moving rhinos for decades in an effort to restock dwindling populations and thwart rampant poaching. Some of the moves are to and from private game reserves but many have been paid for by African governments, with some support from international nonprofits such as the World Wildlife Fund.
狩猎管理者们为了阻止犀牛数量的减少，也使得猖獗的偷猎者不能得逞，几十年间都在做这么一件事情。有一些运送是私人的狩猎保护区做的但是有许多时候非洲的政府都会出资，还会有来自国际非盈利组织的支持，比如世界野生动物基金。
Rhinos and other animals are being moved overland to more secure zones in Kruger National Park in South Africa, away from the porous and poacher-infiltrated border with Mozambique. Twenty-five black rhinos were airlifted to Zambia from South Africa between 2003 and 2010, in an effort to return the species to a country where it had disappeared by 1993.
犀牛和其他动物被运到了更安全的南非克鲁格国家公园，远离博茨瓦纳与莫桑比克的边界(偷猎者无孔不入的地带)。在2003到2010年间，为了将在1993年就在该国消失的物种送回，25头黑犀从南非运到赞比亚。
In Botswana, the Jouberts hope to double the current wild rhino population, from an estimated 77 to 100 animals to 200 animals within a couple of years. Before the advent of modern hunting, the country was home to a thriving population. Today, about 80 percent of the world's wild rhinos live in South Africa. Botswana is considered relatively safe for rhinos in part because it has a human population of just two million, compared to 53 million in South Africa, reducing human pressure.
Joubert夫妇希望博茨瓦纳的犀牛数量可以翻倍，几年时间可以从大约77头到100头再到200头。在现代狩猎方式出现之前，该国的犀牛群数量是在增加的。今天，世界上80%的白犀都在南非。博茨瓦纳被认为对于犀牛是相对安全的地区，部分原因是因为这里的人口数只有200万，和南非5300万的人口比，人口压力小得多。
Botswana's government has also enlisted the military to defend against poachers and maintains a controversial "shoot to kill" policy against them. And Joubert says that corruption is relatively low, so that government collusion with poachers is less of a problem than in some other African countries.
博茨瓦纳还成立军队来对抗偷猎者，还坚持反对枪杀动物的政策。Joubert表示，该国的政府腐败情况很少，因此政府和偷猎者勾结的问题相对其他非洲国家会少的多。
文章中的长难句分析：
1.But that's what conservationists are doing with about a hundred rhinos in South Africa,( in an admittedly desperate bid to save the endangered animals from poachers and establish new populations in the wild.)
句子类型：状语从句
句子拆分：
主干：That's what conservationists are doing with about a hundred rhinos in South Africa.
状语从句：in an admittedly desperate bid to save the endangered animals from poachers and establish new populations in the wild.
翻译：他们这样运送了100多头犀牛来竭力拯救它们。因为偷猎者和野外入侵者它们处于危险之中。
2.Botswana is considered relatively safe for rhinos in part because it has a human population of just two million, compared to 53 million in South Africa, reducing human pressure.
句子类型：原因状语从句+结果状语
句子拆分：
主干：Botswana is considered relatively safe for rhinos .
原因状语从句: because it has a human population of just two million
结果状语: reducing human pressure
翻译：博茨瓦纳被认为对于犀牛是相对安全的地区，部分原因是因为这里的人口数只有200万，和南非5300万的人口比，人口压力小得多。
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