TPO是托福备考圣经，但是并不是有“圣经”就能完全把握托福考试。还要看大家怎么去利用这份资料。针对原文，我们可以最大限度的剖析再剖析。直到把文章掌握得滚瓜烂熟。所以，关于托福阅读TPO，托福小编希望最大限度地利用这些ETS提供的托福阅读题目。在题目中，找到每个题目考察点，给出最全最有逻辑的解析。今天，小编分享给大家的是关于TPO2 Early Cinema的题目分析。
Paragraph 1: The cinema did not emerge as a form of mass consumption until its technology evolved from the initial "peepshow" format to the point where images were projected on a screen in a darkened theater. In the peepshow format, a film was viewed through a small opening in a machine that was created for that purpose. Thomas Edison's peepshow device, the Kinetoscope, was introduced to the public in 1894. It was designed for use in Kinetoscope parlors, or arcades, which contained only a few individual machines and permitted only one customer to view a short, 50-foot film at any one time. The first Kinetoscope parlors contained five machines. For the price of 25 cents (or 5 cents per machine), customers moved from machine to machine to watch five different films (or, in the case of famous prizefights, successive rounds of a single fight).
1. According to paragraph 1, all of the following were true of viewing films in Kinetoscope parlors EXCEPT:
○One individual at a time viewed a film.
○Customers could view one film after another.
○Prizefights were the most popular subjects for films.
○Each film was short.
解析：答案是(3)
由Kinetoscope parlors 定位到It was designed for use in Kinetoscope parlors, or arcades, which contained only a few individual machines and permitted only one customer to view a short, 50-foot film at any one time. The first Kinetoscope parlors contained five machines.
Paragraph 2: These Kinetoscope arcades were modeled on phonograph parlors, which had proven successful for Edison several years earlier. In the phonograph parlors, customers listened to recordings through individual ear tubes, moving from one machine to the next to hear different recorded speeches or pieces of music. The Kinetoscope parlors functioned in a similar way. Edison was more interested in the sale of Kinetoscopes (for roughly $1,000 apiece) to these parlors than in the films that would be run in them (which cost approximately $10 to $15 each). He refused to develop projection technology, reasoning that if he made and sold projectors, then exhibitors would purchase only one machine-a projector-from him instead of several.
2. The author discusses phonograph parlors in paragraph 2 in order to
○explain Edison's financial success
○describe the model used to design Kinetoscope parlors
○contrast their popularity to that of Kinetoscope parlors
○illustrate how much more technologically advanced Kinetoscope parlors were
解析：答案是(2)
第2段一开始就讲到投影机是仿造留声机制造的。所以一切关于留声机的介绍目的明确。
考点：段落大意。
3. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence from the passage？ Incorrect answer choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
○Edison was more interested in developing a variety of machines than in developing a technology based on only one.
○Edison refused to work on projection technology because he did not think exhibitors would replace their projectors with newer machines.
○Edison did not want to develop projection technology because it limited the number of machines he could sell.
○Edison would not develop projection technology unless exhibitors agreed to purchase more than one projector from him.
解析：答案是(3)
He refused to develop projection technology, reasoning that if he made and sold projectors, then exhibitors would purchase only one machine-a projector-from him instead of several.
主干：He refused to develop projection technology.
本句主要逻辑是因果。因：exhibitors would purchase only one machine果：He refused to develop projection technology。考点：句子逻辑
Paragraph 3: Exhibitors, however, wanted to maximize their profits, which they could do more readily by projecting a handful of films to hundreds of customers at a time (rather than one at a time) and by charging 25 to 50 cents admission. About a year after the opening of the first Kinetoscope parlor in 1894, showmen such as Louis and Auguste Lumiere, Thomas Armat and Charles Francis Jenkins, and Orville and Woodville Latham (with the assistance of Edison's former assistant, William Dickson) perfected projection devices. These early projection devices were used in vaudeville theaters, legitimate theaters, local town halls, makeshift storefront theaters, fairgrounds, and amusement parks to show films to a mass audience.
4. The word “readily” in the passage is closest in meaning to
○frequently
○easily
○intelligently
○obviously
解析：答案是(2)
more readily,比较，想盈利就会通过各种措施做得更…，参考此句后面说by projecting a handful of films to hundreds of customers at a time (rather than one at a time)所以使更加便捷，轻松。
考点：比较
5. The word “assistance” in the passage is closest in meaning to
○criticism
○leadership
○help
○approval
解析：答案是(3)
with the assistance of Edison's former assistant，有某个人的…
Paragraph 4: With the advent of projection in 1895-1896, motion pictures became the ultimate form of mass consumption. Previously, large audiences had viewed spectacles at the theater, where vaudeville, popular dramas, musical and minstrel shows, classical plays, lectures, and slide-and-lantern shows had been presented to several hundred spectators at a time. But the movies differed significantly from these other forms of entertainment, which depended on either live performance or (in the case of the slide-and-lantern shows) the active involvement of a master of ceremonies who assembled the final program.
6. According to paragraph 4, how did the early movies differ from previous spectacles that were presented to large audiences?
○They were a more expensive form of entertainment.
○They were viewed by larger audiences.
○They were more educational.
○They did not require live entertainers.
解析：答案是(4)
But the movies differed significantly from these other forms of entertainment, which depended on either live performance.考点：比较
Paragraph 5: Although early exhibitors regularly accompanied movies with live acts, the substance of the movies themselves is mass-produced, prerecorded material that can easily be reproduced by theaters with little or no active participation by the exhibitor. Even though early exhibitors shaped their film programs by mixing films and other entertainments together in whichever way they thought would be most attractive to audiences or by accompanying them with lectures, their creative control remained limited. What audiences came to see was the technological marvel of the movies； the lifelike reproduction of the commonplace motion of trains, of waves striking the shore, and of people walking in the street； and the magic made possible by trick photography and the manipulation of the camera.
7. According to paragraph 5, what role did early exhibitors play in the presentation of movies in theaters？
○They decided how to combine various components of the film program.
○They advised film-makers on appropriate movie content.
○They often took part in the live-action performances.
○They produced and prerecorded the material that was shown in the theaters.
解析：答案是(1)
Even though early exhibitors shaped their film programs by mixing films and other entertainments together in whichever way they thought would be most attractive to audiences or by accompanying them with lectures, their creative control remained limited.
Paragraph 6: With the advent of projection, the viewer's relationship with the image was no longer private, as it had been with earlier peepshow devices such as the Kinetoscope and the Mutoscope, which was a similar machine that reproduced motion by means of successive images on individual photographic cards instead of on strips of celluloid. It suddenly became public—an experience that the viewer shared with dozens, scores, and even hundreds of others. At the same time, the image that the spectator looked at expanded from the minuscule peepshow dimensions of 1 or 2 inches (in height) to the life-size proportions of 6 or 9 feet.
8. Which of the following is mentioned in paragraph 6 as one of the ways the Mutoscope differed from the Kinetoscope?
○Sound and motion were simultaneously produced in the Mutoscope.
○More than one person could view the images at the same time with the Mutoscope.
○The Mutoscope was a less sophisticated earlier prototype of the Kinetoscope.
○A different type of material was used to produce the images used in the Mutoscope.
解析：答案(4)
……Kinetoscope and the Mutoscope, which was a similar machine that reproduced motion by means of successive images on individual photographic cards instead of on strips of celluloid.
考点：比较
9. The word “It” in the passage refers to
○The advent of projection
○The viewer's relationship with the image
○A similar machine
○Celluloid
解析：答案是(2)
第一句中有一句，the viewer's relationship with the image was no longer private
接下来It suddenly became public，正好对应。
考点：上下文联系
10. According to paragraph 6, the images seen by viewers in the earlier peepshows, compared to the images projected on the screen, were relatively
○Small in size
○Inexpensive to create
○Unfocused
○Limited in subject matter
解析：答案是(1)
文章最后一句。考点：比较
11. The word “expanded” in the passage is closest in meaning to
○was enlarged
○was improved
○was varied
○was rejected
解析：答案是(1)
expanded from the minuscule peepshow dimensions of 1 or 2 inches (in height) to the life-size proportions of 6 or 9 feet.从变化方向上，是增加，扩大的，具体又是描述大小的变化，所以是增大的意思。
Paragraph 3: ■Exhibitors, however, wanted to maximize their profits, which they could do more readily by projecting a handful of films to hundreds of customers at a time (rather than one at a time) and by charging 25 to 50 cents admission. ■About a year after the opening of the first Kinetoscope parlor in 1894, showmen such as Louis and Auguste Lumiere, Thomas Armat and Charles Francis Jenkins, and Orville and Woodville Latham (with the assistance of Edison's former assistant, William Dickson) perfected projection devices. ■These early projection devices were used in vaudeville theaters, legitimate theaters, local town halls, makeshift storefront theaters, fairgrounds, and amusement parks to show films to a mass audience. ■
12. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence can be added to the passage.
When this widespread use of projection technology began to hurt his Kinetoscope business, Edison acquired a projector developed by Armat and introduced it as “Edison’s latest marvel, the Vitascope."
Where would the sentence best fit?
解析：答案是(4)
this widespread use of projection technology联系前文，出现were used in是在第4个方块前。
13. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some answer choices do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.
The technology for modern cinema evolved at the end of the nineteenth century.
●
●
●
Answer Choices
○Kinetoscope parlors for viewing films were modeled on phonograph parlors.
○Thomas Edison's design of the Kinetoscope inspired the development of large screen projection.
○Early cinema allowed individuals to use special machines to view films privately.
○Slide-and-lantern shows had been presented to audiences of hundreds of spectators.
○The development of projection technology made it possible to project images on a large screen.
○Once film images could be projected, the cinema became form of mass consumption.
解析：答案是(3,5,6) 本题有难度。
选项1细节，论述主体不对。Kinetoscope是否以phonograph parlor为模型与电影的进化无关。
选项2文章没提到过
选项3，1,3,4,6段都有提到过，这种重复提到的是文章的主体重复，即主要观点。
选项4细节
选项5，3,4,5,6段都有提到过，这是一个关键的发展，使得大众消费形式成为可能。
选项6这个思想在文章开头第一句就表达出来
以上就是关于TPO2 Early Cinema的阅读题目解析，希望对大家的备考有所帮助。前程百利祝大家都能取得理想的考试成绩。
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