在【托福阅读那些“已暴露”的出题点】这篇文章中，托福小编已经为大家分析了八个托福考试阅读题目的常见出题点，其中关于“对比”这一出题点：对托福阅读了解的比较多的学生可能知道，托福阅读一般有十大题型，其中有一类题型不常见，有时候会代替文章内容小结题出现在最后一题，这类题型就是表格题。在这里提到表格题，是因为这类题型只针对文章结构是“对比”的阅读出题，所以，对比这一考察点很重要。除此之外，在文章的细节内容上，如果有明显或者由逻辑关系展现的“对比”情况出现，也极易出考题。
小编马上用例题解析的方式详细说明。
举例一：来自TPO1Timberline Vegetation on Mountains--第5题
Paragraph 3: At the upper timberline the trees begin to become twisted and deformed. This is particularly true for trees in the middle and upper latitudes, which tend to attain greater heights on ridges, whereas in the tropics the trees reach their greater heights in the valleys. This is because middle- and upper- latitude timberlines are strongly influenced by the duration and depth of the snow cover. As the snow is deeper and lasts longer in the valleys, trees tend to attain greater heights on the ridges, even though they are more exposed to high-velocity winds and poor, thin soils there. In the tropics, the valleys appear to be more favorable because they are less prone to dry out, they have less frost, and they have deeper soils.
5. The word “attain” in the passage is closest in meaning to
○require
○resist
○achieve
○endure
解析：答案是C
定位到”…which tend to attain greater heights on ridges, whereas in the tropics the trees reach their greater heights in the valleys. “这里的对比关键词：whereas. 把in the middle and upper latitudes和 in the tropics两个地点的树木进行对比。从对比的性质“heights”可解答此题。
考点：对比
举例二：来自TPO2The Origins of Cetaceans --第4、6题
Paragraph 3: The fossil consists of a complete skull of an archaeocyte, an extinct group of ancestors of modern cetaceans. Although limited to a skull, the Pakicetus fossil provides precious details on the origins of cetaceans. The skull is cetacean-like but its jawbones lack the enlarged space that is filled with fat or oil and used for receiving underwater sound in modern whales. Pakicetus probably detected sound through the ear opening as in land mammals. The skull also lacks a blowhole, another cetacean adaptation for diving. Other features, however, show experts that Pakicetus is a transitional form between a group of extinct flesh-eating mammals, the mesonychids, and cetaceans. It has been suggested that Pakicetus fed on fish in shallow water and was not yet adapted for life in the open ocean. It probably bred and gave birth on land.
4. Pakicetus and modern cetaceans have similar
○hearing structures
○adaptations for diving
○skull shapes
○breeding locations
解析：答案是C
定位到”The skull is cetacean-like but its jawbones lack the enlarged space that is filled with fat or oil and used for receiving underwater sound in modern whales”.这里有两者的对比：外形一致，但是缺少enlarged space。
考点：对比。
Paragraph 4: Another major discovery was made in Egypt in 1989. Several skeletons of another early whale, Basilosaurus, were found in sediments left by the Tethys Sea and now exposed in the Sahara desert. This whale lived around 40 million years ago, 12 million years after Pakicetus. Many incomplete skeletons were found but they included, for the first time in an archaeocyte, a complete hind leg that features a foot with three tiny toes. Such legs would have been far too small to have supported the 50-foot-long Basilosaurus on land. Basilosaurus was undoubtedly a fully marine whale with possibly nonfunctional, or vestigial, hind legs.
6. The word “exposed” in the passage is closest in meaning to
○explained
○visible
○identified
○located
解析;答案是B
定位到“Several skeletons of another early whale, Basilosaurus, were found in sediments left by the Tethys Sea and now exposed in the Sahara desert.”这里的对比关键词“now”,意味着有时间上的对比。…之前在沉积物中发现，现在…露出来了。
考点： 对比，now。
以上就是托福小编关于“对比”这一出题点的详细题目举例，希望大家在做题过程中也能多思考、总结，争取在这类出题点上不会丢分。
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