托福阅读十大题型中，每种题型的出现概率是大家在备考时不能不顾及的。像事实信息题这类题型，按照历次托福考试的数据统计，在托福阅读中的安排大致是每篇3-6题，重要程度显而易见。
事实信息题考查大家对文章中事实、微观信息的捕捉，不涉及对文章主旨的理解。那么在解答这类题目时，应该掌握的基本解题原则有哪些呢?
首先，答案要基于文章并且符合题干。
许多考生在解答事实信息题目时因为没有方法，所以用排除法来做题，找到哪些与文章信息不符的选项做排除，但是让大家感到失望的是排除法过后还是得不到最终答案，无奈还得另找解题思路，解题过程变得复杂低效。
所以，本原则强调“符合题干”这一点，事实信息题是有明确的可定位信息的，也就是在题干中我们可以找到解题范围所在，这些范围或者称限定就给大家提供了一些正确选项的特征或者与正选的关联，从这种关联入手，回到原文章，正确选项很容易选出来，而不必用排除法这样的方式碰运气。
例题一：来自OG-Lascaux Cave Paintings-第11题
Paragraph 6: Perhaps so much time has passed that there will never be satisfactory answers to the cave images, but their mystique only adds to their importance. Certainly a great art exists, and by its existence reveals that ancient human beings were not without intelligence, skill, and sensitivity.
11. According to paragraph 6, why might the puzzling questions about the paintings never be answered?
○Keeping the paintings a mystery will increase their importance.
○The artists hid their tools with great intelligence and skill.
○Too many years have gone by since the images were painted.
○Answering the question is not very important to scholars.
题目解析：选C,注意第六段的 “so much time has passed that”, “so...that...” 结构中 “so” 之后是原因，“that”之后是结果。由此可以看出，由于时间过去太长，可以供辨认和分析的证据都很少，是岩洞画之谜未解开的原因。因此C选项正确。
补充：A选项是符合文章内容的，文中 “...but their mystique only adds to their importance.” 画作的神秘性使它们更加重要，但不符合题干，并非为了增加重要性而故意不去解开它们背后的谜团。
其次，不单纯复制文章，还要学会同义改写
ETS在出事实信息题目时，怎样入手呢?分析事实信息题目的各种类似点，可以看出:选项和题干之间构成的关系除了之上提到的题干给正选一些限定之外，还有题干与选项的加和实际实际上就是来自文章中某个意群(由前后连贯共同表示一个中心意思的几个句子组成)，只是ETS在出题时，不是单纯复制文章，还会把答案进行改写，所以不会是只要大家找到句群就能选出答案，还需要大家学会“同义改写”，找到和文章相符的改写后的选项。
例题二-来自-The Origins of Cetaceans-第1题
Paragraph 1: It should be obvious that cetaceans—whales, porpoises, and dolphins—are mammals. They breathe through lungs, not through gills, and give birth to live young. Their streamlined bodies, the absence of hind legs, and the presence of a fluke1 and blowhole2 cannot disguise their affinities with land dwelling mammals. However, unlike the cases of sea otters and pinnipeds (seals, sea lions, and walruses, whose limbs are functional both on land and at sea), it is not easy to envision what the first whales looked like. Extinct but already fully marine cetaceans are known from the fossil record. How was the gap between a walking mammal and a swimming whale bridged? Missing until recently were fossils clearly intermediate, or transitional, between land mammals and cetaceans.
1. In paragraph 1, what does the author say about the presence of a blowhole in cetaceans?
○It clearly indicates that cetaceans are mammals.
○It cannot conceal the fact that cetaceans are mammals.
○It is the main difference between cetaceans and land-dwelling mammals.
○It cannot yield clues about the origins of cetaceans.
题目解析：选B，解题时首先按照题干定位到第3句“Their streamlined bodies, the absence of hind legs, and the presence of a fluke1 and blowhole2 cannot disguise their affinities with land dwelling mammals. “这句话就是以上所说的”意群“，既然题干和正选的加和是来自意群，所以将意群中涉及题干的部分去掉，剩下的内容就能指示出答案所在，剩余“cannot disguise their affinities with land dwelling mammals”，所以，选定B，因为B正是这部分内容的同义改写。
以上就是前程百利小编为大家带来的关于”托福阅读事实信息题解题的原则”,希望对大家的托福考试带来帮助。
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