托福阅读笔记。说到托福阅读备考，TPO是必不可少的备考神器，通过TPO练习来更好的适应阅读考试的节奏。本文小编带来的是TPO15 A Warm-Blooded Turtle的学习笔记，希望能够与正在备考的大家一起进步。
TPO15 A Warm-Blooded Turtle
文章题材：生物学科——一种温血海龟
文章结构：本文介绍了棱皮龟，这种海龟在生理学上不同于其他海龟，因为它是温血动物。主要通过肌肉活动产热，然后利用较大的体型、隔热层以及四肢的逆流交换系统减少热量的散失。幼年的棱皮龟不具备保温能力
第一段：棱皮龟能应对寒冷的海水。
第二段：棱皮龟能维持体温，它有自己独特的产温方式。
第三段：通过体型保持体温。
第四段：通过隔热层保持体温。
第五段：通过逆流交换系统保持体温。
第六段：幼龟尚不能保持体温，可能是由于这个原因，棱皮龟长得比其他海归要快。
常见词汇：
Physiology生理学;生理机能
Leatherback棱皮龟
Reptilian爬虫类动物
Chilly寒冷的，可怕的
Contradiction矛盾，反驳
Radiation辐射，放射物
Proportionate相称，成比例
Blubber 鲸油，鲸脂
Equivalent等价的，相等的
Aerodynamic 空气动力学的
Countercurrent 逆流，相反
Compromising妥协的，让步的
Fibrous纤维的
Gull海鸥
易错题解析：
Paragraph 1: When it comes to physiology, the leatherback turtle is, in some ways, more like a reptilian whale than a turtle. It swims farther into the cold of the northern and southern oceans than any other sea turtle, and it deals with the chilly waters in a way unique among reptiles.
2. What can be inferred about whales from paragraph 1?
○They are considered by some to be reptiles.
○Their bodies are built in a way that helps them manage extremely cold temperatures.
○They are distantly related to leatherback turtles.
○They can swim farther than leatherback turtles.
题型：推论题。答案是(B)
解析：整段在讲the leatherback turtle，并和whale相比较，所以这题的答案应该定位整段。第一句，“When it comes to physiology, the leatherback turtle is, in some ways, more like a reptilian whale than a turtle.”在本句当中，有一个词组more A than B 是与其说B 不如说A，所以本句应该翻译成“从生理上说，与其说leatherback turtle像turtle，不如说像a reptilian whale”。后面第二句应该是具体的事实来说明这一点。后文“It swims farther into the cold of the northern and southern oceans than any other sea turtle”和it deals with the chilly waters in a way unique among reptiles”即是具体的两个事实。所以我们可以推测，whale可以游向更冷的地方，可以有自己独特的方式应对寒冷。所以答案是B。。
易错选项：(D)。
Paragraph 5: In a countercurrent exchange system, the blood vessels carrying cooled blood from the flippers run close enough to the blood vessels carrying warm blood from the body to pick up some heat from the warmer blood vessels; thus, the heat is transferred from the outgoing to the ingoing vessels before it reaches the flipper itself. This is the same arrangement found in an old-fashioned steam radiator, in which the coiled pipes pass heat back and forth as water courses through them. The leatherback is certainly not the only animal with such an arrangement; gulls have a countercurrent exchange in their legs. That is why a gull can stand on an ice floe without freezing.
8. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
○In a turtle's countercurrent exchange system, outgoing vessels lie near enough to ingoing ones that heat can be exchanged from the former to the latter before reaching the turtle's flippers.
○Within the turtle's flippers, there is a countercurrent exchange system that allows colder blood vessels to absorb heat from nearby warmer blood vessels and then return warmed blood to the turtle's body.
○In a countercurrent exchange system, a turtle can pick up body heat from being close enough to other turtles, thus raising its blood temperature as it passes them.
○When a turtle places its flippers close to its body, it is able to use its countercurrent exchange system to transfer heat from the warmer blood vessels in its body to the cooler blood vessels in its flippers.
题型：句子简化题。答案是(A)
解析：原句当中“carrying cooled blood from the flippers”和“carrying warm blood from the body”都是现在分词作后置定语分别修饰前面的blood vessel;“before it reaches the flipper itself”作第二个分句的时间状语。因此句子主干为：blood vessel X run close to blood vessel Y; thus the heat is transferred from Y to X, 一个血管靠近另一个血从而能量得以转移。原句可翻译为，在逆流交换循环系统中，承载着鳍部冷血液的血管通过靠近承载着身体温热血液的血管以获得热量。因此在到达鳍部前，热量已通过流出的血液转移至流进的血液。所以答案A正确。
以上就是小编带来的托福阅读笔记之TPO15 A Warm-Blooded Turtle,希望能够和备考的大家一起学习。更多托福考试资讯请关注前程百利。
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