说到托福阅读备考，TPO是必不可少的备考神器，通过TPO练习来更好的适应阅读考试的节奏。本文小编带来的托福阅读笔记是TPO8 Running Water on Mars的内容，希望能够与正在备考的大家一起进步。
TPO8 Running Water on Mars
文章题材：自然科学――火星上的水
常见词汇：
terrace['terəs]n. 平台，阳台，梯田 vt. 使成梯田
imply[im'plai]vt. 暗示，意指，含有……的意义
extensive[iks'tensiv]adj. 广泛的，广阔的，广大的
combine[kəm'bain]v. 结合，联合，使结合n. 集团，联合企业
straighten['streitn]v. 弄直，使正确，整顿，挺直
distinctive[di'stiŋktiv]adj. 独特的
setting['setiŋ]n. 安装，放置，周围，环境，(为诗等谱写的)乐曲
global['gləubəl]adj. 全球性的，全世界的，球状的，全局的
certain['sə:tn]adj. 确定的，必然的，特定的
hemisphere['hemisfiə]n. 半球
易错题解析：
Paragraph 2: Outflow channels are probably relics of catastrophic flooding on Mars long ago. They appear only in equatorial regions and generally do not form extensive interconnected networks. Instead, they are probably the paths taken by huge volumes of water draining from the southern highlands into the northern plains. The onrushing water arising from these flash floods likely also formed the odd teardrop-shaped “islands” (resembling the miniature versions seen in the wet sand of our beaches at low tide) that have been found on the plains close to the ends of the outflow channels. Judging from the width and depth of the channels, the flow rates must have been truly enormous—perhaps as much as a hundred times greater than the 105 tons per second carried by the great Amazon river. Flooding shaped the outflow channels approximately 3 billion years ago, about the same times as the northern volcanic plains formed.
5. In paragraph 2, why does the author include the information that 105 tons of water flow through the Amazon river per second?
○To emphasize the great size of the volume of water that seems to have flowed through Mars’ outflow channels
○To indicate data used by scientists to estimate how long ago Mars’ outflow channels were formed
○To argue that flash floods on Mars may have been powerful enough to cause tear-shaped “islands” to form
○To argue that the force of flood waters on Mars was powerful enough to shape the northern volcanic plains
题型：修辞目的题。答案是(A)
解析：关键词为105 tons of water，定位第五句。A选项通过原文得知的后面说“the 105 tons per second carried by the great Amazon river.”就是通过与亚马逊河水量对比，来说明前面“the flow rates must have been truly enormous”。而选项A正是对这一句的paraphrase。B选项内容不完整，C和D选项也只是提及了部分内容。
语法点：现在分词作状语、as…as..倍数的用法。
13. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.
There is much debate concerning whether Mars once had water.
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●
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Answer choices
○Mars’ runoff and outflow channels are large-scale, distinctive features that suggest that large quantities of liquid water once flowed on Mars.
○Although some researchers claim that Mars may once have had oceans, others dispute this, pointing to an absence of evidence or offering alternative interpretations of evidence.
○Various types of images have been used to demonstrate that most of Martian surface contains evidence of flowing water.
○The runoff and outflow channels of Mars apparently carried a higher volume of water and formed more extensive networks than do Earth’s river systems.
○There is very little evidence of liquid water on Mars today, and it is assumed that all the water that once existed on the planet is frozen beneath its surface.
○While numerous gullies have been discovered on Mars since 2000, many astronomers dismiss them as evidence that Mars once had liquid water.
题型：句子简化题。答案是(ABE)
文章段落大意：
第一段：火星上曾经存在水并指出两种流动水的形式，重点讲述了runoff channel 的分布及特征;
第二段：outflow channel 的分布及特征;
第三段：科学家猜想火星上曾经是有水的;
第四段: 反对者认为第三段当中提到的被认为火星上有水的证据是geological activity造成的;
第五段：天文学家至今并未找到火星上存在液态水的直接证据。
以上就是小编带来的托福阅读笔记之TPO8 Running Water on Mars，希望能够和备考的大家一起学习。更多托福考试资讯请关注前程百利。
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