在托福阅读中，文章的篇幅决定了我们不可能将文章通读一遍再去解题。但是有些时候，即使我们定位到了文章中的某个句子，也是很难立即得到答案。这时候，句子的逻辑就会在很大程度上帮助大家解题了。接下来前程百利小编要为考生介绍一下托福阅读中那些“转折”给了我们多少启示。希望大家可以有所帮助。
首先，熟悉一下在英语中有那些词是可以让我们体会到“转折”意味的。
but/yet, however, in contrast (to), conversely, though/although, nevertheless, in spite of/despite, on the contrary, even if/even though, instead (of), different from/differ from, while
这些词都是明显或者隐藏的转折逻辑词，希望大家可以记下。
接下来，看一下在哪些题目的解答中，可以用到转折关系。
例1：修辞目的题的解答用到转折逻辑
Paragraph 3: As impressive as the quality of Roman pottery is its sheer massive quantity. When considering quantities, we would ideally like to have some estimates for overall production from particular sites of pottery manufacture and for overall consumption at specific settlements. Unfortunately, it is in the nature of the archaeological evidence, which is almost invariable only a sample of what once existed, that such figures will always be elusive. However, no one who has ever worked in the field would question the abundance of Roman pottery, particularly in the Mediterranean region. This abundance is notable in Roman settlements (especially urban sites) where the labor that archaeologists have to put into the washing and sorting of potsherds (fragments of pottery) constitutes a high proportion of the total work during the initial phases of excavation.
4.The author mentions the work of archaeologists in paragraph 3 in order to
O support the idea that pottery was produced in large quantities by the Romans
O illustrate how hard it is for archaeologists to find complete pieces of Roman pottery
O contrast archaeological sites in Roman urban areas with other sites in the Mediterranean
O explain why the quantities of pottery found vary significantly from one site to another
解析：看到提到考古学家的一句明显是个例子，之前的一句“However, no one who has ever worked in the field would question the abundance of Roman pottery, particularly in the Mediterranean region.”意思是：但是，那些曾经在现场工作过的人绝不会怀疑罗马陶器的数量，尤其是在地中海地区。而且段落最后一句“This abundance is notable in Roman settlements where the labor that archaeologist….”这句话表明作者讲考古学家需要花大量的时间清洗整理碎片，是为了说明陶瓷的数量非常大。所以答案选A。
例2：词汇题的解答用到转折逻辑
Paragraph 1: Ever since European first explored Australia, people have been trying to understand the ancient rock drawings and cavings created by the Aborigines, the original inhabitants of the continent. Early in the nineteenth century, encounters with Aboriginal rock art tended to be infrequent and open to speculative interpretation, but since the late nineteenth century, awareness of the extent and variety of Australian rock art has been growing. In the latter decades of the twentieth century there were intensified efforts to understand and record the abundance of Australian rock art.
The word “infrequent” in the passage is closest in meaning to
○puzzling
○uncommon
○questionable
○undocumented
解析：单词所在句子为“Aboriginal rock art tended to be infrequent and open to speculative interpretation, but since the late nineteenth century, awareness of the extent and variety of Australian rock art has been growing.”意思是：在十九世纪早期，遇到的岩石艺术品还比较少，大多是猜测性的解释，但是到了十九世纪晚期，人们意识到这些岩石艺术的范围和多样性一直在增加。根据后半句转折义，十九世纪早期的岩石艺术品应该是少的，不常见的。答案是选项A。
例3.句子简化题的解答用到转折逻辑
原句：Inequalities of gender have also existed in pastoralist societies, but they seem to have been softened by the absence of steep hierarchies of wealth in most communities, and also by the requirement that women acquire most of the skills of men, including, often, their military skills
Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
○ Despite the fact that wealth is relatively evenly distributed in pastoral societies, gender inequality still exists because only men can acquire military skills and social status.
○ Inequalities of gender existed in pastoralist societies until most communities began to require women to possess the same skills as men and take part in the military.
○ Inequalities of gender in pastoralist societies were caused by steep hierarchies of wealth and differences in military training between men and women.
○ In pastoral societies, gender inequality is comparatively mild because wealth is relatively evenly distributed and women have to learn most of the same skills that men do.
解析:原句主干是Inequalities of gender have also existed in pastoralist societies，but they seem to have been softened.主要逻辑是转折。看选项，逻辑明显是转折的是A，但是表述不正确，排除;选项B和选项C逻辑错误，排除;选项D中有对比，属于隐藏的转折逻辑，表述也符合原句，可选。
以上就是前程百利小编为考生带来的托福阅读中的转折逻辑给了我们解题的启示。一般情况下，托福阅读词汇题、句子简化题使用逻辑解题常见，当然要实际分析。总的来讲，转折在我们做题中很有帮助。预祝大家托福考试取得好成绩!
