托福阅读句子简化题看上去是对一个长难句直接考察，但是很多考生并不清楚这类题型很多时候其实是对句子逻辑的考察。如果能够从逻辑角度出发，应该怎样解决这类题型呢?前程百利小编为大家带来运用并列逻辑解答托福阅读句子简化题相关分析。
考生需要明确什么是句子简化题的“逻辑解题法”。
在句子中常见的逻辑有因果、转折、让步、条件、并列、否定等等，可以依赖常见的关系词来判断：owing to, in that, therefore ;however，but;although;if ，unless ，suppose ，in case ;likewise, not only…but also…,both…and…;no, not, neither, never。逻辑解题法就是通过句子主干中的关联词先判断句子的逻辑结构并确定句子中的主要逻辑;然后通过对选项有没有这种逻辑存在的分析来排除部分选项;最后通过句子中逻辑相关的对象来最后确定答案。这种方法的理论依据是：托福阅读中的句子简化不会改变逻辑。
为了帮助大家更好地理解这种答题方法，来看几道相关的例题。
比如TPO18 The mystery of yawning中的句子简化题：
原句：According to conventional theory, yawning takes place when people are bored or sleepy and serves the function of increasing alertness by reversing ,through deeper breathing , the drop in blood oxygen levels that are caused by the shallow breathing that accompanies lack of sleep or boredom.
Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
○ It is the conventional theory that when people are bored or sleepy, they often experience a drop in blood oxygen levels due to their shallow breathing.
○ The conventional theory is that people yawn when bored or sleepy because yawning raises blood oxygen levels, which in turn raises alertness.
○ According to conventional theory, yawning is more likely to occur when people are bored or sleepy than when they are alert and breathing deeply.
○ Yawning, according to the conventional theory, is caused by boredom or lack of sleep and can be avoided through deeper breathing.
分析：原句的主干是：yawning takes place … and serves…,主要逻辑是“and“引导的并列关系，主要信息包括打哈欠出现的时间以及打哈欠的功能两部分。选项A中的逻辑关系与原句不符;C选项中的“more likely to occur than”的对比关系和原句不符;选项D中的主要逻辑是并列，但是逻辑双方是产生原因和避免方法，和原句信息不符。所以正确选项是B。
再比如TPO19 The Roman Army's Impact on Britain中的句子简化题：
原句：In the wake of the Roman Empire’s conquest of Britain in the first century A.D., a large number of troops stayed in the new province, and these troops had a considerable impact on Britain with their camps, fortifications, and participation in the local economy.
Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
○ Many Roman soldiers remained in Britain after conquering it, and their presence had a strong influence.
○ The new Roman province of Britain seemed to awaken in the first century A.D. as the local economy improved.
○ Camps, fortifications, and economic change contributed to the Roman conquest of Britain.
○ With the conquest of Britain by Roman troops, the Roman Empire gained considerable economic strength.
分析：.句子主干是“troops stayed …, and troops had impact on …”原句的主要逻辑是and作为逻辑关系词的并列关系，所以正选中必然包含“a large number of troops stayed in the new province”和“had a considerable impact on Britain”两层意思，看选项，选项A逻辑正确，也包含“Many Roman soldiers remained in Britain” 和“their presence had a strong influence”，正确。为了更加明确逻辑在解题中的重要性，可以看一下错误选项特点。选项B中没有并列关系，只是一个简单的时间说明;选项C中“contributed to”可以指示因果关系，是句子的主要逻辑;选项D中也没有并列关联。
由上面的两个例题可见，并列逻辑在托福阅读句子简化题中的运用可以帮助考生有效排除至少一个选项，当然，考生要注意在逻辑之外对逻辑对象的认识，从而得出最终答案。希望考生在做题时多多总结相关题目和方法。预祝大家托福考试取得好成绩!
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