句子简化题是托福阅读的一种重要题型,逻辑分析法是解答这类题型的一种有效方法。下面小编为大家分享用逻辑分析法解答托福阅读句子简化题的具体步骤,大家一起来看一下吧。
托福阅读句子简化题要求考生在四个选项中选出一个和原文某个句子意思相同的一个选项,其它三个选项都是干扰项,它们要么与原文中的句子相矛盾,要么遗漏了句子中的某些重要信息。对于这类题目,我们可以采取逻辑分析法来解答。具体的解题步骤为:首先,做题之前确定简化的对象,即阴影部分的句子;其次,通读原句,寻找逻辑;第三,利用逻辑排除选项;最后,利用逻辑承接对象最终选定答案。下面我们结合具体的例子来看一下如何运用逻辑法来解答托福阅读句子简化题。
例(OG-Desert Formation):The extreme seriousness of desertification results from the vast areas of land and the tremendous numbers of people affected, as well as from the great difficulty of reversing or even slowing the process. Once the soil has been removed by erosion, only the passage of centuries or millennia will enable new soil to form. In areas where considerable soil still remains, though, a rigorously enforced program of land protection and cover-crop planting may make it possible to reverse the present deterioration of the surface.
Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
A. Desertification is a significant problem because it is so hard to reverse and affects large areas of land and great numbers of people.
B. Slowing down the process of desertification is difficult because of population growth that has spread over large areas of land.
C. The spread of deserts is considered a very serious problem that can be solved only if large numbers of people in various countries are involved in the effort.
D. Desertification is extremely hard to reverse unless the population is reduced in the vast areas affected.
根据逻辑法的做题步骤,在确定了要简化的句子之后,我们来对这个句子进行逻辑分析。通读句子我们发现,句子前半部分有一个短语“result from”,表示因果关系,前面是结果,后面是原因;句子后半部分还有一个短语“as well as”表示并列关系,并列的对象是前面的一个原因。这样来看,整个句子的逻辑就变得清晰了。接下来就是分析选项和排除选项。首先A选项中尽管没有“result from”,但是选项中的逻辑关系词“because”同样表示因果关系,所以暂时保留;B选项中也有逻辑关系词“because of”,暂时保留;C选项中没有表示因果关系的逻辑连接词,故排除;D选项中有一个逻辑关系词“unless”,但不是表示因果关系,故排除,这样就剩下了A、B两个选项。对于因果关系,我们要注意一点,那就是原因和结果坚决不能倒置。根据原文的意思,引起沙漠化的原因有两个,一个是“广阔的地区和大量的人口都受到了沙漠化的影响”,另一个是“逆转沙漠化的进程甚至减缓沙漠化的速度都面临着巨大的困难”,对比A、B两个选项我们会发现,B选项错把原因当作了结果,因此果断排除。所以,这道题的正确答案就是A选项。
以上就是小编为大家分享的托福阅读句子简化题的解答方法,希望能给大家的学习带来帮助。最后,小编祝愿各位考生在托福考试中取得好成绩!
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