托福阅读词汇题是托福阅读中的基础题型,很多考生由于词汇基础薄弱或者是没有明确考点,在解题时容易出错。前程百利小编结合题目,为大家带来相关错题分析,希望对大家有所帮助。
易错情形一:直接选择同义词,没有代入语境。
很多考生可能习惯直接选择同义词来解答词汇题,但是词汇题考察的是词汇在语境下的含义,考生选择的词汇必须符合语境,也就是说,可能选项中出现的同义词并不是语境下合适的词汇,这样的解答方法会造成考生的答题失误。这种情况常见于原单词有多层含义,考生只认识了部分含义的情况。比如以下题目:
段落:Trends in clothing fashions are often engineered by clothing designers, advertisers, and the media to create a particular “look”. The “grunge” look is an example of a heavily promoted fashion. Fashions are more universally subscribed to than fads. Wearing athletic shoes as casual attire is a good example of a universal fashion.
题目:The words subscribed to in the passage is closest in meaning to
○advertised
○donated to
○followed
○led
分析:subscribe to有“捐助”的含义,和第二个选项中的donate to是同义词,考生如果直接选择,容易出错。原句是:Fashions are more universally subscribed to than fads.
“Fashions比fads更普遍被…”如果这种情况下将选项代入,第二个选项可以直接排除,而第三个选项是更加合适的。其实subscribe to还有动词“同意;赞成”的一层意思,只是不常用,所以这种情况下只是根据同义词知识来判断很容易出错。
易错情形二:按照自己的理解,没有考虑原单词含义或者不熟悉原单词。
这种情况和上述情形正好相反,有些考生可能在找到相关句之后,由于对原单词不熟悉,只能依靠语境解题,这时如果对句子进行翻译,期间根据自己的理解将选择中单词一一带入,由此来判断正确选择,这种解题方法也往往会出错。比如TPO4 Petroleum Resources第一题:
Paragraph 1: Petroleum, consisting of crude oil and natural gas, seems to originate from organic matter in marine sediment. Microscopic organisms settle to the seafloor and accumulate in marine mud. The organic matter may partially decompose, using up the dissolved oxygen in the sediment. As soon as the oxygen is gone, decay stops and the remaining organic matter is preserved.
题目:The word “accumulate” in the passage is closest in meaning to
○grow up
○build up
○spread out
○break apart
分析:看原句:Microscopic organisms settle to the seafloor and accumulate in marine mud.“微生物沉积到海底并在海泥中…”,考生在解题时如果采用上述方法解题,首先grow up代入很合适,可以说明微生物的在海泥中生长;spread out是“伸展,延长,分散”的含义,代入不合适;break apart是“分裂;解体”的含义,代入不合适;
build up常用含义是和建筑有关,很有可能不被考生纳入待选项中,但其实它还有“积聚、逐渐增加”的含义。所以在对原单词不熟悉并且只是根据语境判断的情形下,考生往往容易出错。这也提醒考生在备考中要注意词汇的积累、学习。
以上就是前程百利小编为大家带来的托福阅读易错题之词汇题。考生要熟悉词汇题的考点,并做好词汇备考。预祝大家托福考试取得好成绩!
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