“新题型”对ETS一直都是讳莫如深的，因为一个权威的考试机构，必须要保持出题的一致性和连贯性，不能够有所变化。不过在《新托福突破口——TPO》这本书籍出现之后，出现了的正所谓的新题型，但是ETS的官方指南一直没有将这部分题型列入其中。不过，我们不得不提防这些新题型会在托福考试中出现。因此，接下来，前程百利小编就带大家认识一下这些新题型。
了解托福考试的考生，差不多都知道托福阅读包括十大题型。如果考生还不了解的话，可以参照托福官方指南OG列出了阅读的10种题型：
1. Factual information questions (纯粹细节)
2. Negative factual information questions (否定细节)
3. Inference questions (推理题)
4. Rhetorical purpose questions (修辞目的题)
5. Vocabulary questions (词汇题)
6. Reference questions (指代题)
7. Sentence simplification questions (句子简化题)
8. Insert text question (句子插入题)
9. Prose summary (文章小结题)
10. Fill in a table (表格归类题)
但实际上，考试当中还考了一些OG中没列举出来的题目，前程百利小编整理了这四类“新题型”的题目形式，帮助大家更好地认识一下这类题目的特点。
新题型一：段间关系概括题：
这种题目要求考生概括出2个自然段间的逻辑关系。比如说TPO阅读《THE CAMBRIAN EXPLOSION》中这篇文章的第6题。
6. Which of the following best describes the relationship between Paragraph2 and Paragraph3?
○Paragraph2 puts forward several scientific claims, one of which is rejected in Paragraph3
○Paragraph2 poses several questions, and Paragraph3offers a possible answer to one of them
○Paragraph2 presents outdated traditional views, while Paragraph3presents the current scientific conclusions.
○Paragraph2 introduces a generalization that is illustrated by specific examples in Paragraph3
这样的题目一改托福阅读考查特定段落的模式，开始走进段落间的内容考察，对考生的要求更高。考生不仅需要了解每一段的大概内容，还要清楚段落之间的关系。
新题型二：修辞手法题
这种题目是修辞目的的变体。OG中大多数题目只考察一个词组的修辞目的，而实际考试会对一句话甚至整段话的修辞目的进行考察。一个是考修辞对象，一个是考修辞的手段。比如说，《Meteorite Impact and Dinosaur Extinction》这篇文章第2题：
2. In paragraph 2, why does the author include the information that dinosaurs had flourished for tens of millions of years and then suddenly disappeared?
○To support the claim that the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous is the best-documented of the dozen or so mass extinctions in the geological record
○To explain why as many as half of the species on Earth at the time are believed to have become extinct at the end of the Cretaceous
○To explain why paleontologists have always been intrigued by the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous
○To provide evidence that an impact can be large enough to disturb the environment of the entire planet and cause an ecological disaster
新题型三：段落结构题
题目考查的是文章段落的构架，可以算是新题型。比如：《THE ORIGINS OF THEATER》这篇文章的第9题：
Which of the following best describes the organization of paragraph 5?
○The author presents two theories for a historical phenomenon.
○The author argues against theories expressed earlier in the passage.
○The author argues for replacing older theories with a new one.
○The author points out problems with two popular theories.
新题型四：段落主题题
这种题目考查的是整个段落的主题，可以说是老托福段落主题题的延续。这类题目和上面的段落结构题分别是对段落内容和逻辑结构的考查。
比如《Petroleum Resources》这篇文章的12题：
In paragraph 6, the author’s primary purpose is to
○Provide examples of how oil exploration can endanger the environment
○Describe accidents that have occurred when oil activities were in progress
○Give an analysis of the effects of oil spills on the environment
○Explain how technology and legislation help reduce oil spills
以上四类题型是在我们平时备考之外，新出现的一类题目特点。在出题方式和考查定位上都有变化。小编整理出来的目的是希望帮助考生认识和了解这些题目的存在。希望考生在备考托福阅读的时候，有一个心理准备。
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