托福口语备考中是有技巧和方法的，本次前程百利小编要和大家分享的是在托福口语考试中备考的技巧和方法，现在就跟着小编一起来看看吧!
1. 运用总分总的结构
Your listeners will understand your talk better if you organize what you say in a logicalsequence or linear pattern. This means that you tell the listeners what you are going to talkabout and then go through the points you want to make. The most common pattern oforganization is outlined below:
Introductory statement
Point 1
Point 2
Point 3
Concluding statement
An example of this pattern is shown below:
Breeding butterflies has many advantages for the collector.
1. way of obtaining specimens
2. spares can be released into the wild
3. helps survival because butterflies have been protected from natural predators
The experience is a learning experience for the collector and a benefit to the species.
2. 运用连接词
Connecting ideas by using transition words and phrases tells your listeners the relationshipof one idea to the next. You can signal to your listener that you are going to put events in asequence, add information, or make a comparison. You can signal that you want toemphasize or clarify a point. Using transition words and phrases helps your listener followthe flow of your ideas. Read the following example without transitional expressions:
In my physics class, we did lots of experiments that helped clarify scientific principles. Iunderstood those principles better by doing those experiments.
These sentences would flow better if the speaker used transitional expressions as in thefollowing example:
In my physics class, we did lots of experiments that helped clarify scientific principles. As aresult, I understood those principles better.
3. 解释或定义陌生概念
In order to help your listeners understand, you may need to define a term that you use inyour response. Read the following example:
My hobby is telemark skiing.
If the speaker does not define the term and listeners do not know what telemark skiing is,they might not understand the rest of the passage. Sometimes listeners can guess themeaning through the context of the passage, but sometimes they cannot. Here is thedefinition this speaker gave of telemark skiing:
That means skiing using telemark skis.
Even though the speaker defined telemark skiing, listeners still may not understand whatit means because the speaker defined the term with the same word. To effectively define aword, use a three-part definition:
1. State the word or phrase to be defined.
2. Give the category that the word or phrase fits into.
3. Tell how the word is different from other words that fit the same category.
Read this example of an effective definition:
Telemark is a type of alpine skiing in which the boots are connected to the skis only at
the toes, so traditional skiing techniques have to be modified.
4. 正确使用平行结构
Your listener can understand the flow of your ideas better if you use parallel structureswhen you speak. Read the following incorrect example:
My teacher gave interesting assignments and motivating the students.
The listener may be confused because the speaker has mixed different grammaticalstructures. Does the speaker mean My teacher gave interesting and motivating assignments tothe students'? In this sentence, interesting and motivating are parallel adjectives. Or does thespeaker mean My teacher gave interesting assignments and motivated the students? In thissentence, gave and motivated are parallel verbs.
5. 对关键词进行替换或同义转换
When a speaker keeps repeating a word or phrase, listeners can get confused. Read thefollowing example:
My teacher wrote the assignment on the chalkboard. The assignment was on thechalkboard until the teacher erased the assignment after we had all done the assignment.
This speaker's ideas would be clearer if the repeated words were replaced with otherexpressions or with pronouns. Look at the way this example can be improved:
My teacher wrote the assignment on the chalkboard. She erased the board after we had allcompleted the task.
The word assignment has been replaced with task; the word teacher with she; and theword chalkboard with board.
6. 时态、人称和数量的统一
Your listener can get confused if you are not consistent. Look at the following example:
My teacher brought five paper bags to school one day. He put us into groups and gaveeach group a bag. You have to take the objects out of the bags in turn and then a person hasto tell a story involving the object from the bag.
The listener may get confused by the change from the past tense to the present tense,and the change from us to you and then to a person. The listener might also be confused bythe change from the plural form objects and bags to the singular forms object and bag.
The listener could follow this speaker's ideas better if the speaker were consistent. Look atthe way this example can be improved:
One day my teacher put us into five different groups. He gave each group a bag and told usto take turns pulling out an object and telling the other members of the group a story involvingthat object.
以上就是前程百利小编要和大家分享的在托福口语考试中的备考资料，希望可以帮助大家备考。如果想了解更多托福考试资讯，欢迎登陆前程百利论坛，最后预祝每一位考生都能考出好成绩。
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