你做很多事情，是有意识的还是无意识的?很多时候我们的做决定往往是无意识的，那么如果在托福口语考试中，出现了这类问题，你知道该怎样答题吗?你知道这类问题中经常出现的托福词汇有哪些吗?现在就跟着前程百利小编一起来看看这些托福口语词汇吧!希望可以帮助大家扩宽托福口语词汇!
Reading Part:
Subliminal Perception
Humans are constantly perceiving visual and auditory stimuli. Sometimes our perception of these stimuli occurs consciously; we are aware of a stimulus and know that we are perceiving it. But our perception of a stimulus can also occur without our awareness: an image might appear and disappear before our eyes too quickly for us to notice that we saw it, or a sound might be too faint for us to realize that we heard it.
This phenomenon – the perception of a stimulus just below the threshold of conscious awareness – is called subliminal perception. Experiments have shown that subliminally perceived stimuli can influence people’s thoughts and attitudes.
Listening Part:
Now, listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a psychology class.
(male professor) Consider this experiment. Two groups of people were asked to watch TV and while they are watching a picture flashed on the screen less than a second, very quickly so it was barely noticeable.
The picture was a boy with a birthday cake. Now, like I said, there were two groups and each group saw a slightly different version of the picture. One group got the boy looking angry, in fact, he was actually throwing the cake on the floor. The other group got a picture of the boy smiling, happy, holding up the cake like he was offering it. Same boy, same cake but different emotions expressed in each picture.
Everyone was then asked to look at a different image. Now, this is a third image, right? Again, it’s the boy and the cake, but this time the image stayed on the screen. In this picture, the boy’s just holding the cake basically no emotion on his face, everything very neutral.
Now, remember, nobody knew they’d already seen a picture of this boy. After a minute, everyone was asked to describe the boy’s personality. Those who’d been exposed to the image of the angry boy, they generally described the boy’s personality negatively. Those who’d earlier seen the happy boy described him, well, positively.
Question:
Describe what subliminal perception is and explain how the experiment discussed by the professor illustrates this phenomenon.
一. 在这则资料中有很多可以帮助我们解题的词汇，现在就跟着前程百利小编一起来学习吧!
(1) 资料中关于心理学的词汇
1. auditory：adj. 听觉的;耳朵的
Indeed, mounting chemical, auditory, or visual sensors on a shark is the easy part.
2. stimuli：n. 刺激;剌激物;促进因素
But sooner or later, maybe out of sheer boredom and lack of stimuli, he'd quiet down.
3. stimulus：n. 刺激;激励;刺激物
Interest rates could fall soon and be a stimulus to the U.S. economy.
4. awareness：n. 意识，认识;明白，知道
The nonprofit has said it sells the bracelets to engage young people in breast cancer awareness.
5. subliminally：adv. 下意识地;潜意识地
In this way, the reward for seeking cover becomes subliminally sensory.
(2)资料中可以帮助我们解题的其他词汇
1. constantly：adv. 不断地;时常地
Michigan Militia -- A constantly updated site with news reports on alleged government cover-ups
2. perceive：vt. 察觉，感觉;理解;认知
Students must perceive for themselves the relationship between success and effort.
3. faint：adj. 模糊的;
He became aware of the soft, faint sounds of water dripping.
4. phenomenon：n. 现象;奇迹;
Politicians like Palin try to take advantage of the phenomenon for their own purposes
5. threshold：n. 入口;
We are on the threshold of a new era in astronomy.
6. barely：adv. 仅仅，勉强;
Anastasia could barely remember the ride to the hospital.
7. slightly：adv. 些微地，轻微地;
His family then moved to a slightly larger house.
8. personality.：n品格;人格;对性格总的印象
Mr Kirk is said to be a tough, polished operator, with an engaging personality.
9. negatively：adv. 消极地;否定地
Markets reacted negatively to Palocci's resignation with prices for Brazil's sovereign bonds falling slightly.
二.那么在托福口语考试中经常出现的关于心理学的词汇还有哪些呢?
1.conttingency：n. 偶然性
I need to examine all possible contingencies.
2. blindness：n. 失明;无知;盲区
Then earlier this year, she went from coping with blindness to hoping she might see again.
3. counterfactual：adj. 反事实的
Those debates, in this counterfactual world (the movie is set in the recent past), have apparently been settled.
4. egocentrism：n. 唯我主义;利己主义
What separates individuals is egocentrism, ethnocentrism, societies and socio-centrism, that is, those trends which mean putting oneself at the centre of the world and considering the other as secondary, inferior or humble
5. empiricism：n. 经验主义;经验论
He was an unswerving empiricist with little time for theory.
以上就是前程百利小编要和大家分享的托福口语考试中关于心理学类话题经常出现的一些词汇，希望可以帮助大家提升备考能力和水平!如果想了解更多备考资料，欢迎登陆前程百利论坛，最后预祝每一位考生都能考出好成绩。
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