物竞天择，适者生存。即使是最绝望的土地上，也会有最美的花朵，只不过为了适应环境，花朵也会进化出一些特殊的武器来适应欢迎。本次前程百利小编要和大家分享的就是这样一则关于生物类的托福综合口语词汇，希望可以帮助大家在托福口语考试中取得高分!
Listen to part of a lecture in a marine biology class.
(female professor) A lot of plants and animals live near the surface of the ocean, and that means there’s a lot of food near the surface, because there are lots of plants and animals to eat. But if you go down to the deepest parts of the ocean, it’s cold and dark, and there’s not a lot of living down there, so food is very scarce. So organisms that live down at these great depths have developed special adaptations to help them survive in this environment where food is so hard to find.
For example, man y deep-sea organisms have body features that enable them to eat prey that are larger than themselves. A good example, um, there’s a species of eel that has an enormous mouth and a large stomach that’s capable of expanding. And these unusual features allow this eel to eat prey larger than itself. That’s a big advantage because if the eel eats something big, that’s a lot of food, a lot of nutrition. So the eel can go for quite a while before it has to find food again.
Another helpful adaptation in some deep-sea organisms is the ability to generate light. And some organisms use that light to help them capture food. For example, there’s a kind of fish called the angler fish. And on its head, this fish has a little structure that produces light that glows in the dark. This little structure, this little light, is positioned close to the fish’s mouth. Other fish are attracted to this light, they think it’s something small they can eat, so they swim straight toward it. And that brings them close enough for the angler fish to capture them and eat them.
Question:
Using the examples of the eel and the angler fish, explain two types of adaptations that help animals survive in the deepest parts of the ocean.
一. 在听力文章中有一些可以帮助我们解题的重点词汇，你知道有哪些吗?现在就跟着前程百利小编一起来看看吧!
(1) 关于生物类的一些词汇
1. scarce：adj. 缺乏的，不足的;稀有的
Food was scarce and expensive.
2. organism：n. 有机体;生物体;微生物
Not all chemicals normally present in living organisms are harmless.
3. adaptation: n. 适应;改编;改编本，改写本
Branagh won two awards for his screen adaptation of Shakespeare's Henry the Fifth.
4. survive: vt. 幸存;生还;幸免于
Those organisms that are most suited to the environment will be those that will survive.
5. body feature: 形体特征
The team plans to investigate whether this gradual loss of body clock is a common feature among all species of fish living in perpetual darkness
6. prey: n. 捕食;牺牲者;被捕食的动物
Electric rays stun their prey with huge electrical discharges.
7. eel: n. 鳗鱼;鳝鱼
My father pronounced it raw-eel, like a thing you eat with your eyes closed.
8. nutrition: n. 营养，营养学;营养品
There are alternative sources of nutrition to animal meat.
9. angler fish: 深海琵琶鱼
Jesse Zuelly, a 50-year-old project manager for a telecommunications company and a lifelong catfish angler, is concerned the state won't have sufficient manpower to keep legal noodlers from taking too many fish out of smaller lakes and rivers.
(2) 可以帮助我们解题的重点词汇
1. surface：n. 表面;表层;外观
Ozone forms a protective layer between 12 and 30 miles above the Earth's surface.
2. deepest：adj. 最深的，最深
As we all know, our country has endured the deepest recession we've faced in generations.
3. environment: n. 环境，外界
Students in our schools are taught in a safe, secure environment.
4. generate: vt. 产生 (电等能量)
The company, New England Electric, burns coal to generate power.
5. capture: vt. 俘获;夺得;捕捉，拍摄
The guerrillas shot down one aeroplane and captured the pilot.
6. glow: vi. 发出微弱稳定的光
The night lantern glowed softly in the darkness.
7. attract: vt. 吸引;引起
The Cardiff Bay project is attracting many visitors.
二.那么关于生物类的话题还有哪些词汇经常出现呢?
1.mammal: . [脊椎] 哺乳动物
The mammal was trapped on the north bank of the River Humber on Friday.
2.marine：adj. 船舶的;海生的;海产的;航海的，海运的
breeding grounds for marine life.
3.camouflage：(某些动物的) 保护色; 伪装手段
Confident in its camouflage, being the same colour as the rocks, the lizard stands still when it feels danger.
4.habitat：n. [生态] 栖息地，产地
In its natural habitat, the hibiscus will grow up to 25 ft.
5.amphibian：n. [脊椎] 两栖动物;水陆两用飞机
The researchers suggest that the amphibian trade may mimic the situation with global fisheries.
以上就是前程百利小编要和大家分享的生物类话题中的常用词汇，希望可以帮助大家备考此类话题!如果想了解更多备考资料，欢迎登陆前程百利论坛，最后预祝每一位考生都能考出好成绩。
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