大海虽然每年给人类提供了很多的资源，但是在海洋的深处，在那个几乎没有光，也没有任何养料的地方，那些海洋生物是怎样生存的呢?本次前程百利小编就来和大家分享一下这则关于海洋生物进化的托福综合口语解析，希望可以帮助大家增强托福口语水平，提升托福口语实力!
Listen to part of a lecture in a marine biology class.
(female professor) A lot of plants and animals live near the surface of the ocean, and that means there’s a lot of food near the surface, because there are lots of plants and animals to eat. But if you go down to the deepest parts of the ocean, it’s cold and dark, and there’s not a lot of living down there, so food is very scarce. ①So organisms that live down at these great depths have developed special adaptations to help them survive in this environment where food is so hard to find.
②For example, many deep-sea organisms have body features that enable them to eat prey that are larger than themselves. ③A good example, um, there’s a species of eel that has an enormous mouth and a large stomach that’s capable of expanding. And these unusual features allow this eel to eat prey larger than itself. That’s a big advantage because if the eel eats something big, that’s a lot of food, a lot of nutrition. So the eel can go for quite a while before it has to find food again.
④Another helpful adaptation in some deep-sea organisms is the ability to generate light. And some organisms use that light to help them capture food. For example, there’s a kind of fish called the angler fish.⑤ And on its head, this fish has a little structure that produces light that glows in the dark. This little structure, this little light, is positioned close to the fish’s mouth. Other fish are attracted to this light, they think it’s something small they can eat, so they swim straight toward it. And that brings them close enough for the angler fish to capture them and eat them.
Question:
Using the examples of the eel and the angler fish, explain two types of adaptations that help animals survive in the deepest parts of the ocean.
一.范文
The professor talks about the two techniques deep sea animals use to survive in the harsh environment. The first is to eat as much as possible. For example, a kind of eel that lives in the depth has large mouth and stomach, this allows it to eat animals that are bigger than itself, so it’s able to get a lot of nutrition, therefore it can go for quite a while until it finds food again. The second technique is to generate light to attract prey. For example, a fish that’s called angler fish. Part of its head can produce a light that glows in the dark, when other fish sees it, they think it’s something small to eat, so they swim straight toward it and when they get close enough, the angler fish can capture and eat them easily.
二.重点句型
1. ①that引起了定语从句，修饰organism，这句话的主干是So organisms have developed special adaptations to help them survive in this environment。where引起了定语从句，修饰environment。这句话的意思是居住在大海深处的动物已经为了适应环境作出了改变，以便自己可以在食物如此缺乏的海底找到食物。
2. ②that引起了定语从句，修饰features，在从句中做主语，prey that are larger than themselves.中的that也是引起了定语从句，修饰prey在从句中做主语，并且实用的比较级。比如，一些居住在深海的动物的身体发生了改变，允许它们去吃比它们自己还要大的食物! 这句话告诉我们，body features 是动物为了适应环境作出的一个改变，也是文章中的第一个论点。
3. ③there be句型表示存在，that引起了定语从句，并且在从句中做主语，比如， eel 为了适应海洋中恶劣的生存环境，进化出了大的嘴和很大的胃。这句话表明了eel为了适应环境，可以吃到比自己体型大的食物，而做出的身体构造方面的改变。用具体的例子支撑了自己的观点!
4. ④另一个例子是生活在深海的动物会产生发光的能力!这是作者为了支撑自己的观点所举的第二个论点!
5. ⑤that引起了定语从句，在从句中做主语，在这种鱼的头上，有一个可以在晚上发光的结构。这句话用具体的例子来证明作者的第二个观点。
三.解析
1. Listening key.
(1.1) Main idea: two adaptations deep sea animals use to survive the harsh environment.
(1.2) First adaptation: eat as much as possible.
(1.2.1) Example: a kind of eel that has large mouth and stomach. This body feature allows it to eat prays that are larger than itself. Lots of food=lots of nutrition, so it can go one without eating for a long time.
(1.3) Second adaptation: use light to attract food.
(1.3.1) Example: angler fish can produce a little light that glows in the dark. Other fish will think the light is something small the can eat. When they get close enough, the angler fish can capture and eat them very easily.
四.模板
The professor talks about the
The first is to
For example
The second technique is to
For example,
以上就是前程百利小编要和大家分享的关于深海中海洋动物的进化的解析，希望可以帮助大家备考!如果想了解更多备考资料，欢迎登陆前程百利论坛，最后预祝每一位考生都能考出好成绩。
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