托福独立写作结构。托福独立写作看似不好入手,但是如果找到下面的步骤是不是有一种“一蹴而就”的感觉呢?原来,写作也可以从“解剖学”的角度来看作文的结构。
下面,前程百利小编就跟大家一起来看看,那些被解剖后的托福独立写作的真面目。
托福独立写作题目:
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
The only way governments can promote energy conservation is to increase the price of fuels such as gasoline and electricity.
Use specific reasons and details to support your opinion.
解剖前的准备工作:
(1)审题
题目中提到要通过提高天然气和电力的价格减少能源的使用。这个问题,类似于政府通过舍弃经济发展来改善环境一样,做的只是治标不治本的工作。所以,我们除了要否定题目中的观点,更重要的是提出可行的方案来解决环境问题。
(2)写作思路
Disagree
分论点1
论点:提高价格不能从根本上解决问题。
论据:提高价格会在短期内控制能源的使用情况,不能从根本上解决问题。
分论点2
政府应该普及节约能源的知识。
能源的节约会为能源的保护起到一点作用,但是作用非常小。
分论点3
政府应加大新能源开发的力度。
开发新能源可以填补能源不足这个问题,而且还可以解决有些能源使用带来的环境问题。
检查自己的审题没有问题,写作思路也很充分之后。接下来就是最重要的环节。
解剖正式开始,你准备好了吗?
(1)作文的“头部结构
首先,作文的开篇段落。这一段,一般是交代题目中话题的背景,文化和现状等。然后,可以重提作文讨论的话题,最后必须要阐明自己的立场(总论点)。
例如:
In the past several years, we have seen an upward trend in energy prices, especially in gasoline and electricity, and many people are wondering if increase in price is the only measure that governments can take to conserve energy. For my part, increasing energy prices is definitely not the best way governments can tackle energy price. I argue that the best way to tackle energy shortage is to address the root of the problem, through energy research and development, and nationwide campaigns to raise public awareness.
(2)作文的“身体”结构
文章的二、三、四段一般是论点论据的展开段落。就是用2~3个论点来支撑自己的立场。切记,论点要明确,肯定。写明论点之后,跟着的就是论据。所谓“论据”,就是证明论点的证据。证据讲究“真实”、“可靠”,所以,可以采用一些具体的例子,数据来证明自己的论点。这样更具有说服力。
例如:
First and foremost, the government should publicize energy conservation awareness. Research has shown that many people fail to conserve energy because of a lack of awareness. The government should disseminate energy conservation knowledge by virtue of mass media, such as television, the Internet, and brochures. Take myself as an example; I once had no conscience of energy conservation. It was not until I learned there would be a devastating energy shortage in the near future that I started to keep energy conservation in mind. I now make sure that I turn off all lights as soon as I leave home, minimize my air-conditioning use and keep the water tap from dripping once I leave the washing room. From my experience, publicizing energy conservation (i.e. reducing demand) is of great importance.
(3)作文的“脚部”结构
最后一段,是文章的结尾段。结尾段一般是总结全文,重申总论点,再次明确自己的观点等。也可以预言话题未来的发展趋势和走向。
例如:
All in all, increasing energy prices is neither the only nor the best way to conserve energy. Only by solving both the supply and demand sides of the equation can we begin to address any looming, chronic energy shortage. The promotion of sensible energy use coupled with an R&D-led increase in supply can bridge the gap between supply and demand. Both of these approaches are initiatives that can be led by national government investments. It is only these approaches that will ensure a bright future for generations to come.
以上就是,从“解剖学”角度审视托福独立写作。大家有什么好的学习方法和经验也可以拿出来分享。前程百利论坛为大家提供一个交流和学习的平台。
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