备考托福的小伙伴，托福真题是必备的考试神器。所以，接下来，前程百利小编和大家分享托福写作真经4test10综合写作的题目解析。综合写作题目需要大家在平时多加练习，这样才能够掌握更多的解题技巧和方法。今天，主要从综合写作的文章要点分析以及范文的解析出发，备考托福的小伙伴们，赶紧来围观吧。
阅读文本：
The question of how the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids has long baffled historians and archaeologists. Each pyramid is comprised of massive stone blocks. In some cases, a single pyramid may contain millions of them. Yet the Egyptians somehow managed to move and hold these blocks in place without modern equipment. The answer to how they accomplished this feat seems to lie in three aspects of engineering: ramps, cranes, and concrete.
First, the Egyptians employed earthen ramps around the pyramids to move the stones to higher levels. As construction proceeded, the ramps were built higher. Each block was rolled on logs or dragged up by teams of men and animals. Then, the blocks were pushed into place. The Egyptians used either a single long, high ramp built on one side or a series of shorter ramps on both sides that wound their way to the top.
Second, the Egyptians used cranes with ropes and pulleys to move some stones into hard-to-reach positions. These devices were made of wood and used leather straps to hold the blocks. Then, workers pulled on long ropes to lift and subsequently lower the blocks into place. The usage of cranes explains how the Egyptians could lift enormous stone blocks—some weighing as much as sixty tons—into place in some internal chambers.
Finally, it is likely that the Egyptians possessed some form of concrete. Made of limestone and other materials, the concrete was used to fill the spaces between the blocks. This strengthened the overall structure and permitted the pyramids to be built to great heights. Without the use of concrete, it is likely that the pyramids would have collapsed upon themselves due to their enormous weight.
阅读要点：
观点：The answer to how they accomplished this feat seems to lie in three aspects of engineering: ramps, cranes, and concrete.
埃及人建造的金字塔这份功绩主要来源于三方面：斜坡(不断增高的斜坡)，吊车(建造物品的运输)以及石灰土。
1、First, the Egyptians employed earthen ramps around the pyramids to move the stones to higher levels.金字塔周围土制的斜坡将石头运到高处。
2、Second, the Egyptians used cranes with ropes and pulleys to move some stones into hard-to-reach positions.埃及人使用绳子和滑轮制作的吊车装备把石头运到难易到达的位置。
3、Finally, it is likely that the Egyptians possessed some form of concrete.埃及人有混凝土。
听力笔记符号：
听力要点：
观点：Well, there are lots of theories, but none so far seems satisfactory.金字塔的形成可能有几方面的原因，但是没有任何一个成因是令人满意的。
1、There's no evidence for ramps ever existing in Egypt. In addition, many experts believe the pyramids were too tall for ramps.
没有证据显示坡道存在过。此外，很多专家认为金字塔太高了，坡道根本达不到。
2、Yet there’s no record anywhere of the Egyptians having built cranes. Nor have any cranes ever been found in Egypt. Finally, the cranes would have been made of wood, which was scarce in Egypt during the time the pyramids were built.
埃及没有任何吊车存在过的痕迹，吊杆应该是用木头制作的，但是木头是当时没有的。
3、The Romans, however, were using concrete by the first century B.C.罗马人是在公元前一世纪开始使用混凝土的，所以，金字塔时期，混凝土还没有出现。
范文解析：
①The lecturer argues that none of the theories concerning the Great Pyramid of Giza seems reliable. ②This assertion directly refutes the reading passage’s claim that the Egyptians could move and hold stone blocks in place successfully by using three aspects of engineering.
First, the use of ramps in the construction of the pyramids cannot be proven. According to the lecturer，it would have been impossible to build ramps since the pyramids were so high. A ramp tall enough to reach the top of the Great Pyramid would have collapsed under its own weight. ③This contradicts the reading passage's claim that Egyptians could carry stone blocks to higher places with the use of earthen ramps.
④On top of that, the lecturer contends that another theory concerning the use of cranes is also unrealistic. Neither any actual cranes nor any record of their use has been found in Egypt. Furthermore, wood, which would have been used for making cranes, was scarce in the time when the pyramids were built. ⑤This casts doubt on the reading passage's claim that cranes allowed the Egyptians to lift huge stone blocks.
Finally, though concrete has been found, the people who actually used it were different from those who were known for using it. It has been verified that the Egyptians had no knowledge of the use of concrete. Since the Romans had control over Egypt, they probably used concrete to fix the pyramids. ⑥This goes against the idea presented in the reading passage that concrete was used by the Egyptians to fill in the cracks of the pyramids and that it allowed the Egyptians to construct pyramids at greater heights.
闪光词汇：
collapse[kə'læps]vi.倒塌;瓦解;暴跌
construct[kən'strʌkt]vt.建造，构造;创立
范文中可以提取出来作为模板的句子：
①The lecturer argues that……
②This assertion directly refutes the reading passage's claim that……
③This contradicts the reading passage's claim that……
④On top of that, the lecturer contends that……
⑤This casts doubt on the reading passage's claim that……
⑥This goes against the idea presented in the reading passage that……
以上就是前程百利小编整理的托福真经4的综合写作的题目解析，希望大家在自己平时备考过程中，也能养成积累的好习惯。
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