在托福写作中，我们经常会使用一些从句来拓展和优化文章的语言。最常用的从句类型有定语从句、状语从句以及宾语从句。如果考生对于从句的用法和基本结构还不是很了解，就会在托福写作中出现差错。接下来，前程百利小编和大家分享托福写作常用从句，帮助考生准确、灵活地使用这些从句。
1.定语从句
如果发现有定语从句的引导词that，which，who等，一定要跳过第一个或并列的几个带有时态的动词(定语从句的谓语动词)，直接寻找第二个带有或并列的几个带有时态的动词(主语的谓语动词)，并将从定语从句的引导词至第二个带有时态的动词之间的部分用括起来，括号中的这部分就是修饰主语的定语从句。
例子：The Ediacara fossil formation which contains the oldest known animal fossils consists exclusively of soft-bodied forms.
分析：主语The Ediacara fossil formation，which contains the oldest known animal fossils非现在性定语从句作插入，谓语consists exclusively of ，宾语soft-bodied forms。
定语从句先不读，读完句子主干之后再读。
下面我们按照上述步骤来理解这句话。
①读句子主干：主语(The Ediacara fossil formation)→谓语(consists exclusively of)→宾语(soft-bodied forms)
翻译：E化石形势只包含了软体动物，
②读主语的定语从句：which contains the oldest known animal fossils
翻译：包含了已知的最古老的动物化石
整个句子的意思就是：E化石形成，它包含了已知的最古老的动物化石，只包含了软体动物。
状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类,分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多,但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似,所以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词即考点。 现分别列举如下:
2、状语从句
1)时间状语从句
常用引导词:when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until
特殊引导词:the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day, the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when
例句：I didn't realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.
While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.
2)地点状语从句
常用引导词:where
特殊引导词:wherever, anywhere, everywhere
例句：Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.
Wherever you go, you should work hard.
3)目的状语从句
常用引导词:so that, in order that
特殊引导词:lest, in case, for fear that, in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that
例句：The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.
4)条件状语从句
常用引导词:if, unless,
特殊引导词:as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on condition that
例句：You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.
Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.
5)让步状语从句
常用引导词:though, although, even if, even though
特殊引导词: as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装),while ( 一般用在句首 ),no matter …, in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever
例句：No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.
He won't listen whatever you may say.
3、宾语从句
名词性从句在复合句中作谓语动词、非谓语动词、 介词的宾语时被称为宾语从句。高考中常见的宾语从句包括以下几种情况：
1. that引导的宾语从句(that经常可以被省略)
例如：His mother said (that) Saul Grant was a music critic.
他母亲说索尔•格兰特是个音乐评论家。
2. 与疑问词形式相同的连词引导的宾语从句， 这包括：
(1) 动词(+间接宾语)+与疑问词形式相同的连词引导的宾语从句。常用于这种句型的动词有see, know, wonder, show, ask, tell, decide, find out, imagine等。例如： Tell me how you went to school. 告诉我你怎么去上学的。// John wondered why he was wanted by the police, but he went to the station yesterday. 约翰不知道为什么警察局要他去， 但昨天他还是去了。
(2) 介词+与疑问词形式相同的连词引导的宾语从句。例如： I am not interested in what he is doing. 我对他做的事不感兴趣。// He will write a book on how Chinese people learn English. 他将写一本中国人如何学英语的书。
3. whether与if引导宾语从句时一般可以互换
例如： The boss asked me whether/if she was qualified for the task.
老板问我她是否胜任这项任务。
以上和大家分享了托福写作中经常会使用的定语从句、状语从句以及宾语从句的三种从句类型、结构以及使用方法。希望考生在托福写作中用到这几种从句的时候，能够更加准确无误。
您还可能关注：
