前程百利2015-06-23最新更新GMAT逻辑机经
3. 船沉的原因
【原始】
V1
逻辑有一道题说,有一个船沉了,因为进水了,但船长没看见?(十分不确定)要选一个加强的。我选了一个说船进水到一定程度才会沉这样。
【考古】
V1
还有一道也是沉船,说的是,有人认为沉船的原因是地震;有人认为是因地震引起的暴风雨。。。但有人反驳说,不可能是上述原因,因为这些都会造成巨大的损坏,导致船因漏水而沉没。但该国并没有report该船的修理,也没有船长perceived such leak before sank;问削弱。 选项有:
船上的货物让leak变得不明显,直到那些货物因吸收水分变重而使船沉没;
该国有采取足够的保护措施防暴风雨;
暴风雨的危害对其他船而言是巨大的,但不足以给该船造成明显的损坏
V2
一艘货船在风暴里沉了,有人认为是是风暴使漏水的原因,但有人指出船上的记录显示船长没有发现任何迹象,所以不成立。问削弱?我选船上货多使漏水不能在沉船前发现。
V3
一艘船沉没了 沉没是因为船低于水面一定高度 但是船没有leak 因为船长没发现船有漏 问下面哪个可以support 我选的storm导致雨水dump在船上导致船体下沉
题目解析(确定)
原始稿子比较残,我们先来来分析下考古稿。目测削弱是指削弱反驳观点(即支持是地震/暴风雨导致了沉船)
CP:地震 沉船 OR 地震 暴风雨 沉船
P2: 地震/暴风雨 船的巨大损坏 船漏水沉没
P3: 并没有report该船的修理,也没有船长在沉船前察觉到裂缝
C: 并非地震/暴风雨导致了沉船
因果推理,两个方向:1.因果概括 2.干扰因素 此题属于第二种。作者假设船有了损坏,那么就一定会report或者船长就一定能在沉船前发现leak,但是假如存在某种原因导致没有report船的维修或者导致船长就没有发现裂缝呢?此处在“船损坏”和“report/察觉裂缝”之间存在明显的GAP。因此逻辑君认为考古选项船上的货物让leak变得不明显,直到那些货物因吸收水分变重而使船沉没是正确的。第二个选项“该国有采取足够的保护措施防暴风雨”采取了放暴风雨措施不代表能有效的防止船被暴风雨破坏,无关。第三个选项“暴风雨的危害对其他船而言是巨大的,但不足以给该船造成明显的损坏” 是反驳“地震/暴风雨导致了沉船”的,即加强了原结论 (原始稿可以选这个) 。
注意:原始稿问的是加强,考古问的是削弱。第一个选项和第三个选项方向都是正确的,考场上一定要注意题目是问加强还是削弱,以及选项是在加强还是在削弱。
4. 企业外包
【原始】
V1
黑臉題,企業應該把原來自產的取消而採取外購的方法,因為可以減少成本,而企业目标是提高利润,【但是这个目标可能使企业采取相反的措施】因为……【所以企业外购不能增加企业的利润】
【考古】
材料参考:
Outsourcing is the practice of obtaining from an independent supplier a product or service that a company has previously provided for itself. Since a company’s chief objective is to realize the highest possible year-end profits, any product or service that can be obtained from an independent supplier for less than it would cost the company to provide the product or service on its own should be outsourced.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
(A) If a company decides to use independent suppliers for a product, it can generally exploit the vigorous competition arising among several firms that are interested in supplying that product.
(B) Successful outsourcing requires a company to provide its suppliers with information about its products and plans that can fall into the hands of its competitors and give them a business advantage.
(C) Certain tasks, such as processing a company’s payroll, are commonly outsourced, whereas others, such as handling the company’s core business, are not.
(D) For a company to provide a product or service for itself as efficiently as an independent supplier can provide it, the managers involved need to be as expert in the area of that product or service as the people in charge of that product or service at an independent supplier are.
(E) When a company decides to sue an independent supplier for a product or service, the independent supplier sometimes hires members of the company’s staff who formerly made the product or provided the service that the independent supplier now supplies.
题目解析(确定)
黑脸题,把逻辑链写出来就明白了。
方案:企业把自产改为外购 降低成本 提高利润
P: 【这个目标会使企业采取相反的措施】,因为… C: 【外购不能增加企业利润】
具体到考场上看选项的表述!
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