GMAT逻辑的这两种题型主要是Boldface题型和填空题，这两类题型主要是看文章当中的一些重点词汇，通过这些词汇来分析文章的逻辑关系，然后解题。今天我们就先来谈一下Boldface题型。
一、GMAT逻辑Boldface题型介绍
GMAT逻辑Boldface题型的出题形式是将逻辑提干当中的某句话加粗，然后通过分析原文中句子的作用，找出加粗句在提干中所充当的成份。
所以，在判断Boldface题型加粗部分的成份时，首先要知道的就是提干的结构，以及这个结构的组成部分。
1、黑体题提干结构划分。
1) argument, 包括first part 和second part。
2) principle, 定义为“指导argument过程的原则”，换句话说argument是principle在一个具体环境下的应用。
3) premise, 定义为“证明argument中的first part为正确的内容”。
注：
1) argument, principle和premise是要绝对清楚区分的。一个题干中的每个内容属于，且只能属于这三种成分中的一个。
2) 题干一定有argument, 但不一定有principle和premise。
2、黑体题论点结构细分。
论点(argument)定义为从 first Part到的 second part的“过程”。(题目选项中的 “passage”等同“argument)
1)first part 包括，且只包括Consideration, Evidence, 和Fact;
Consideration有两个意思(具体看选项中的上下文，很容易判断是哪个意思)：
A“考虑因素”，包括Evidence/Fact。
B“结论”，包括conclusion/inference。
Evidence是“证据”的意思，包括Fact和一些原理和规则。
Fact定义最严格，只能是“客观存在的事实”，不可以是“客观原理或规则”。
2)second part表示两类conclusion和inference。
(详情请看 GMAT逻辑题论点分析)
二、GMAT逻辑Boldface题型的解题技巧
Boldface题型的解题原则：定义结论句之因果关系, 并确认议题焦点。
1、略读文章，确认文章句意有否转折。
2、有转折句意者：
1)找文章的转折处，将文章区分为两个区块(A，转折字，B)。
2)两个区块中，再分别找出定义因果的关键词，区分为二个子区块(∵ A1，∴ A2，转折字，∵ B1，∴ B2)。
(注：正常写作习惯的因果关系如上，但注意关键词有否使因果倒述的情形)
3、确认Bold Face分别属于上述何区块，利用关系排除错误选项。
1)Bold Face若分属A，B区块，则态度应相反。
2)Bold Face若同在A or B区块，则态度应相同。
3)态度确立后，利用其他关键词选出正确答案。
4)关键词无法辨认出正确选项者，再比较答案中的主词与题目描述的状况，是否一致。
4、文章无转折句意者，利用关键词及写作习惯，找出正确答案。
5、必要时找出文章的argument为何，结论句在哪，可排除内容错误的选项。
6、英文的写作习惯，多为argument反对者在前，argument赞成者在后。
7、主要逻辑关系词：
1)表原因者：文章关键词：because;since…
答案选项：consideration;in support of conclusion;explanation;evidence;provide grounds for…
2)表结果者：文章关键词：it is likely that…;thus;so;in consequence…
答案选项：conclusion;estimation;policy;prediction…
(详情请看 GMAT逻辑Boldface题型)
三、GMAT逻辑Boldface题型例题分析
TN-16-Q11
Criminologist: Some legislators advocate mandating a sentence of life in prison for anyone who, having twice served sentences for serious crimes, is subsequently convicted of a third serious crime. These legislators argue that such a policy would reduce crime dramatically, since it would take people with a proven tendency to commit crimes off the streets permanently. What this reasoning overlooks, however, is that people old enough to have served two prison sentences for serious crimes rarely commit more than one subsequent crime. Filling our prisons with such individuals would have exactly the opposite of the desired effect, since it would limit our ability to incarcerate younger criminals, who commit a far greater proportion of serious crimes.
In the argument as a whole, the two boldfaced portions play which of the following roles?
1、先梳理题目：
(1)一些立法者觉得应该让那些两次犯重罪,随后又犯重罪的罪犯终身监禁，他们认为这样可以显著减少犯罪(第一个黑体部分)，因为这可以使那些有犯罪倾向的人永远远离街市。
(2)这个观点忽略了这样的情况：那些在监狱待了两期重判的家伙已经老得几乎不能再次犯罪，让这些人待在监狱里会削弱监狱收治年轻罪犯的能力，而年轻罪犯犯下重罪的比率要大得多了。
结论：让那些老得几乎无法犯罪的家伙充斥监狱可能会收到与立法者的期望恰得其反的效果(第二个黑体部分)。
2、这里我再标注一下(Statement 原因+结论+标志词)：
Criminologist: Some legislators advocate mandating a sentence of life in prison for anyone who, having twice served sentences for serious crimes, is subsequently convicted of a third serious crime. These legislators argue that such a policy would reduce crime dramatically, since it would take people with a proven tendency to commit crimes off the streets permanently. What this reasoning overlooks, however, is that people old enough to have served two prison sentences for serious crimes rarely commit more than one subsequent crime. Filling our prisons with such individuals would have exactly the opposite of the desired effect, since it would limit our ability to incarcerate younger criminals, who commit a far greater proportion of serious crimes.
因此，本题的结构是：立法者提出观点---立法者的结论----立法者的理由---作者对立法者的观点提出反对----作者的结论---作者的理由。因此我们很容易得出第一个黑体部分是立法者的结论，也就是这个argument要反对的结论;第二个黑体部分是这个argument的主要结论。将这个逻辑链条梳理出来之后，我们可以发现正确答案为B。
A. The first is a conclusion that the argument as a whole seeks to refute; the second is a claim that has been advanced in support of that conclusion.
B. The first is a conclusion that the argument as a whole seeks to refute; the second is the main conclusion of the argument.
C. The first is the main conclusion of the argument; the second is an objection that has been raised against that conclusion.
D. The first is the main conclusion of the argument; the second is a prediction made on the basis of that conclusion.
E. The first is a generalization about the likely effect of a policy under consideration in the argument; the second points out a group of exceptional cases to which that generalization does not apply.
(详情请看 GMAT逻辑练习题)
GMAT逻辑题中的Boldface题型小编通过一道例题为大家详细讲解了一下解法，这种题型在难度上较小，大家在考试中也会经常看到，所以一定要注意这类题型的解题技巧。
