1.制雪机的工作原理是利用喷雾遇到冷空气速凝。由于突然的冷冻会杀死细菌，Q计划推出一套净水系统，利用相同的原理。这个过程仅在低温情况下适用，这样使用方还必须备有一套常规系统。
A：细菌不是唯一需要从水中去除的杂质
B：很多当局的旧净水系统需要更新
C：传统净水系统在低温下不能成功杀菌
D：天气温暖时，Q的净水系统没有被使用，只需要很少的维护
E：冬天冷的地方很少有储水问题
1. Snowmaking machines work by spraying a mist that freezes immediately on contact with cold air. Because the sudden freezing kills bacteria, QuickFreeze is planning to market a wastewater purification system that works on the same principle. The process works only when temperatures are cold, however, so municipalities using it will still need to maintain a conventional system.
Which of the following, if true, provides the strongest grounds for a prediction that municipalities will buy QuickFreeze's purification system despite the need to maintain a conventional purification system as well[S1] ?
(A) Bacteria are not the only impurities that must be removed from wastewater[S2] .
(B) Many municipalities have old wastewater purification systems that need to be replaced[S3] .
(C) Conventional wastewater purification systems have not been fully successful in killing bacteria at cold temperatures[S4] .
(D) During times of warm weather, when it is not in use, QuickFreeze's purification system requires relatively little maintenance[S5] .
(E) Places where the winters are cold rarely have a problem of water shortage[S6] .
这道题的结论其实出现在问题中，即” municipalities will buy QuickFreeze's purification system despite the need to maintain a conventional purification system as well”。Q的净水系统的优势是低温下杀菌，必须知道这一点。如果municipalities需要Q的系统，不是正说明conventional system不具备低温下杀菌的能力么?待选项于是逻辑链很简单：
低温杀菌à净水机使用此原理à municipalities会买。
加强结论，即municipalities会由于Q的净水机的优势去坚持购买它。也就是说，Q的优势是低温杀菌，那么它在低温环境中必然有其不可替代的作用。
注意：不需要考虑conventional system的影响，题干中出现这个很扰乱思维，虽然结论中的信息将之排除，但是由于结论出现在问题中，脱离了题干，思维误区在这里会出现，考虑加强时仍会把这个因素(conventional system)不由自主地考虑进去。
答案：C
2. 40到50岁的家庭主人会更倾向于买冰淇淋，而且更倾向于比别的年龄组的人买更大的量。所以，大众认为的青少年会比成年人吃更多的冰淇淋这一观点，是错误的。
A：没有区分购买和消耗
B：没有提供其40-50岁以外的人的信息
C：依赖于大众观点，却不是记录的研究发现
D：没有明确精确的各组别人群购买冰淇淋的量
E：讨论冰淇淋却不是其他更有营养更健康的视频
2. (OG12-03) Homeowners aged 40 to 50 are more likely to purchase ice cream and are more likely to purchase it in larger amounts than are members of any other demographic group. The popular belief that teenagers eat more ice cream than adults must, therefore, be false.
The argument is flawed primarily because the author
(A) fails to distinguish between purchasing and consuming[S7]
(B) does not supply information about homeowners in age groups other than 40 to 50
(C) depends on popular belief rather than on documented research findings
(D) does not specify the precise amount of ice cream purchased by any demographic group
(E) discusses ice cream rather than more nutritious and healthful foods.
这道题很简单，推论说40到50岁的人会更有可能买冰淇淋，而且买更多，但结论是说他们会吃更多冰淇淋。很明显，概念被偷换了，买冰淇淋不代表他们会吃!
答案：A
3. S公司只有有限的资金，它已经在热带雨林清空了大片区域作为牧场。这项业务将会持续下去，虽然橡胶有更大的利润。橡胶不破坏雨林，但是牧场会。
解释题
A：雨林的土壤富含营养对牧地发展很重要
B：在雨林发展畜牧不如在寒冷气候的地方发展畜牧的利润大
C：在特定地区，畜牧业的税比其他任何产业更重
D：在雨林养的一些牛会被山猫杀
E：开发橡胶的投入是牧场的两倍
3. Suncorp, a new corporation with limited funds, has been clearing large sections of the tropical Amazon forest for cattle ranching. This practice continues even though greater profits can be made from, which does not destroy the forest, than from cattle ranching, which does destroy the forest.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain why Suncorp has been pursuing the less profitable of the two economic activities mentioned above?
(A) The soil of the Amazon forest is very rich in nutrients that are important in the development of grazing lands[S8] .
(B) Cattle-ranching operations that are located in tropical climates are more profitable than cattle-ranching operations that are located in cold-weather climates[S9] .
(C) In certain districts, profits made from cattle ranching are more heavily taxed than profits made from any other industry[S10] .
(D) Some of the cattle that are raised on land cleared in the Amazon are killed by wildcats[S11] .
(E) The amount of money required to begin a rubber-tapping operation is twice as high as the amount needed to begin a cattle ranch[S12] .
解释题，找出两者之间的矛盾点或者分歧点。问题问得是为什么S会去做一个利润较少的活动。而文中给出的明显的一个分歧点是，cattle会毁坏森林，rubber不会;同时也要注意，第一句话背景信息中说明了limited funds。所以答案范围可能就是：S的limited funds会不会对其业务范围造成影响，影响它去选一个利润较小的业务;或者会不会毁坏森林对利润的影响。
题目的答案出现在了E，即rubber-tapping的启动资金比较大(S没法从事)。
思考：而咱们的分析中另一个因素：会不会毁坏森林对利润的影响;如果没有limited funds这个因素，能否引出其它的答案呢?有可能!(推测：毁坏森林之后的善后会有巨大的额外支出!)
答案：E
备注：
[S1]题目的真正结论，同时排除了conventional system这一干扰因
[S2]无关
[S3]和Q的系统不相关
[S4]常规净水系统所不能达到的低温杀菌效果，正解
[S5]需要的维护少，和杀菌无关
[S6]净水系统的购买和储水问题无关
[S7]Consume和purchase的区别，正解，买的不一定吃啊。
[S8]土壤好，但没解释利润的问题
[S9]在雨林养牛利润不好还做?
[S10]税高利润少还做?
[S11]牛被杀还做?
[S12]正解，初期投入小，S has limited funds。
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