小编将GWD第一套中的部分题目拿出来分析，目的是为大家提供一个范式，如果有对这几道题目有疑惑的同学可以看一下小编整理的答案。
Q31:
Although most smoking-related illnesses are caused by inhaling the tar in tobacco smoke, it is addiction to nicotine that prevents most smokers from quitting. In an effort to decrease the incidence of smoking-related illnesses, lawmakers in Sandonia plan to reduce the average quantity of nicotine per cigarette by half over the next five years. Unfortunately, smokers who are already addicted to nicotine tend to react to such reductions by smoking correspondingly more cigarettes.
尽管抽烟引发疾病的因素是因为吸入了烟草中的焦油，但是让人对抽烟上瘾(不能戒烟)的却是香烟中含的尼可丁。为了减少人们因抽烟而引发的疾病发病率，S地的制法症计划制订出相关法令以在五年内将每根香烟中可含的尼可丁会计师降低一半。不过，已经对尼可丁上瘾的人却可能因此而抽更多数量的烟。
The information above most strongly supports which of the following predictions about the effects of implementing the Sandonian government’s plan?
The average quantity of tar inhaled by Sandonian smokers who are currently addicted to nicotine will probably not decrease during the next five years.在未来五年内，在已经对尼可丁上瘾的人们中，对焦油的吸入量不会降低。反对方说了，虽然单根香烟的尼可丁含量降低了，但人们抽得更多了。那么吸入总量肯定不会少于以前的吸入量(正确)
Sandonian smokers who are not already addicted to nicotine will probably also begin to smoke more cigarettes during the next five years than they had previously.S地的抽烟者中目前并没有对尼可下上瘾的人可能在未来五年内比以前抽更多的烟。题目中说了为什么不能戒烟，就是因为尼可丁让瘾者放不下。那为什么尼可丁少了后会让非瘾君子抽得更多呢?一定是需要其它条件，既然题中没说，就等于没有其它条件，也就等于这个选项是错误的。
The annual number of Sandonian smokers developing smoking-related illnesses will probably decrease during the next five years.这个是制法者的希望，还不知道能不能实现，已经有人提出不能实现的理由了。那C选项又是凭什么说可以实现呢?
The proportion of Sandonians attempting to quit smoking who succeed in that attempt will probably decrease during the next five years.在未来五年内，成功戒烟的人会比之前少。也就是说尼古丁降低了，人们反而更不可能戒烟了。可是同C，是没有理由推出这个结论的。
The number of Sandonians who quit smoking during the next five years will probably exceed the number who quit during the last five years.在未来五年内，成功戒烟的人会比五年前多。同D。
Q32:
Newspaper editorial:
In an attempt to reduce the crime rate, the governor is getting tough on criminals and making prison conditions harsher. Part of this effort has been to deny inmates the access they formerly had to college-level courses. However, this action is clearly counter to the governor’s ultimate goal, since after being released form prison, inmates who had taken such courses committed far fewer crimes overall than other inmates.
报纸社论：
为了降低犯罪率，政府管理者决定让罪犯没好果子吃，同时让监狱变得更不是人待的地方。其中一项措施就是取消对罪犯开设的大学程度的教育课程。但是，这项措施明显是和政府想达到的目标不一致的，因为出狱后，参加了这种课程的罪犯再犯案的比率大大低于其他没有参加这种课程的罪犯。
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
Not being able to take college-level courses while in prison is unlikely to deter anyone from a crime that he or she might otherwise have committed. 没能接受这个大学课程的教育不可能阻止任何人犯本来要犯的罪的。但是不能就说接受了这个教育就可以阻止他们去犯罪
Former inmates are no more likely to commit crimes than are members of the general population. 有前科的人比没前科的人更容易犯案。题中要比较的是都有前科的人，只是一种是参加了狱中大学教育的，一种是没有的。
The group of inmates who chose to take college-level courses were not already less likely than other inmates to commit crimes after being released. 参加狱中大学教育的罪犯在学习前不比其他人更不可能去再度犯案。如果本来就不太可能再犯案的人才支参加这种课程，那么就不能说是这个课程起到了阻止他们再犯案。这个选项恰恰就是把这个可能彻底弄没，告诉你就是受教育才让这个人不重新犯案的。正确。
Taking high school level courses in prison has less effect on an inmate’s subsequent behavior than taking college-level courses does.大学课程比高中课程在让犯人不再犯罪方面更管用。同B
The governor’s ultimate goal actually is to gain popularity by convincing people that something effective is being done about crime.政府的最终目标是要让大家相信政府在为减少犯罪率有实际的行动。不管政府的最终目换是什么，这里讨论的是政府的一个举措：取消狱中教育以减少犯罪率。
Q38:
Kate: The recent decline in numbers of the Tennessee warbler, a North American songbird that migrates each fall to coffee plantations in South America, is due to the elimination of the dense tree cover that formerly was a feature of most South American coffee plantations.
Scott: The population of the spruce budworm, the warbler’s favorite prey in North America, has been dropping. This is a more likely explanation of the warbler’s decline.
Kate说： T这种北美鸣鸟每年秋天会移栖到南美的咖啡种植园，最近这种鸟在T的数量变少了。原因是因为原来高密度覆盖南美咖啡种植园的树被砍了，而这种树是许多咖啡种植园的特征。(没有树，鸟就不来了)
Scott说：在北美T鸣鸟喜欢的捕食品SB数量减少了，这才更有可能是T鸣鸟数量减少的原因(鸟被饿死了)
Which of the following, if true, most seriously calls Scott’s hypothesis into question?
The numbers of the Baltimore oriole, a songbird that dose not eat budworms but is as dependent on South American coffee plantations as is the Tennessee warbler, are declining.另一种不吃SB，但是依靠南美咖啡种植园的鸟数量也减少了。就是说明不是因为没SB吃而饿死的。
The spruce-budworm population has dropped because of a disease that can infect budworms but not Tennessee warblers.SB数量降低的原因是因为一种只会感染给SB而不会感染给T鸣鸟的病。这个能解释SB变少了的原因，但现在在等解释的是T鸣鸟变少的原因。
The drop in the population of the spruce budworm is expected to be only temporary.SB数量的变小估计是暂时性的。如果SB以后变得足够了，依然不能解释之前T鸣鸟是被饿死的还是因为树没了。
Many Tennessee warbler have begun migrating in the fall to places other than traditional coffee plantations.一些T鸣鸟开始迁栖到其它地方，其它地方的性质没有说明，是有SB还是有树或是其它的?所以不能解释问题。
Although many North American songbirds have declined in numbers, no other species has experienced as great a decline as has the Tennessee warbler.尽管北美鸣鸟的数量都有一定的减少，但没有象T这种鸣鸟减少的那么多。
Q40:
Two centuries ago, Tufe Peninsula became separated form the mainland, isolating on the newly formed Tufe Island a population of Turfil sunflowers. This population’s descendants grow to be, on average, 40 centimeters shorter than Turfil sunflowers found on the mainland. Tufe Island is significantly drier than Tufe Peninsula was. So the current average height of Tufe’s Turfil sunflowers is undoubtedly at least partially attributable to changes in Tufe’s environmental conditions.
两个世纪前，T半岛从大陆分离出去，形成一个独立的有众多T太阳花的Tufe岛。这个岛上的这种太阳花要比大陆上的同种花短40厘米。Tufe岛比它曾是半岛的时候气候要干燥的多。所以现在这种太阳花的平均高度不可置疑是由于环境变化的原因。
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
There are no types of vegetation on Tufe Island that are known to benefit from dry conditions. 这个岛上没有任何植物因为干燥的气候生长的更好。即使其它所有的植物生长的很好，这种花也可能长不高。因此用其它植物来对比不能够说明花长不高就是干燥的原因。
There were about as many Turfil sunflowers on Tufe Peninsula two centuries ago as there are on Tufe Island today.太阳花的数量从以前是半岛到现在是岛并没有变化。数量的变化也不能说明为什么长不高。
The mainland’s environment has not changed in ways that have resulted in Turfil sunflowers on the mainland growing to be 40 centimeters taller than they did two centuries ago.大陆的环境并没有让花可以比以前长高40厘米的变化。也就是说的确是岛上的花变矮了，而不是大陆上的变高了。正确
The soil on Tufe Island, unlike that on the mainland, lacks important nutrients that help Turfil sunflowers survive and grow tall in a dry environment. 这个就是说明让花长不高的不是气候变干，而是土壤质量。这个是推翻结论而不是支持结论的。
The 40-centimeter height difference between the Turfil sunflowers on Tufe Island and those on the mainland is the only difference between the two populations.高度差别是两地的太阳花的唯一区别。这儿讨论的就是这个差别，有没有其它差别都不要紧。
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