下面来看一下小编整理的GWD逻辑TN-18的5道例题分析。
GWD-18
Q13:
Eurasian watermilfoil, a weed not native to Frida Lake, has reproduced prolifically since being accidentally introduced there. In order to eliminate the weed, biologists proposed treating infested parts of the lake with a certain herbicide that is nontoxic for humans and aquatic animals. However, the herbicide might damage populations of certain rare plant species that the lake contains. For this reason local officials rejected the proposal.
E这种植物并不是F湖的本地植物，但是在不是人为地被带到F湖后开始大量生长。为了支队这种草，生物学家提议在有E草的湖区有一种除草剂，这种除草剂对及水生动物都无害，但是有可能会伤害在F湖里的另一种稀少植物。因为这个原因，地方官司员拒绝了这个提议。
Which of the following, if true, points out the most serious weakness in the officials’ grounds for rejecting the biologists’ proposal? 找一个理由来支持官员不该拒绝这个提议。
The continuing spread of Eurasian watermilfoil in Frida Lake threatens to choke out the lake’s rare plant species.不用杀草剂，稀少植物一样被会E草消灭掉。推出：用不用这种除草剂稀少植物都保不住，区别仅在于E草同时被除掉了或者在继续增加。正确。
Because of ecological conditions prevailing in its native habitat, Eurasian watermilfoil is not as dominant there as it is in Frida Lake. 这个是说E草长得比它的发源地还好，但这个不是应该被除掉的理由。
The proliferation of Eurasian watermilfoil in Frida Lake has led to reductions in the populations of some species of aquatic animals. E草的增加让一些水生动物变少了。这个是该去掉E草的一个原因，但因为我们不知道水生植物和稀少植物哪一种是官员更愿意保护的，同时官员反驳的理由是为了保护另一种稀少植物，所以最好的反驳是针对官员的理由。
Although Eurasian watermilfoil could be mechanically removed from Frida Lake, eliminating the weed would take far longer this way than it would using herbicides.就是是支持官员的理由，既然有另一种选择可以去掉E草，同时又不伤害到其它植物，只是时间长一点，有什么关系呢?
Unless Eurasian watermilfoil is completely eliminated from Frida Lake, it will quickly spread again once herbicide treatments or other control measures cease. 这个是说不去除或者没去除干净的后果，现在连去不去都没弄清楚，这个选项就显然无关了。
Q16:题目同GWD-12-12，但有补足内容，并出题点不一样
Aroca City currently funds its public schools through taxes on property. In place of this system, the city plans to introduce a sales tax of three percent on all retail sales in the city. Critics protest that three percent of current retail sales falls short of the amount raised for schools by property taxes. The critics are correct on this point. Nevertheless, implementing the plan will probably not reduce the money going to Aroca’s schools. Several large retailers have selected Aroca City as the site for huge new stores, and these are certain to draw large numbers of shoppers from neighboring municipalities, where sales are taxed at rates of six percent and more. In consequence, retail sales in Aroca City are bound to increase substantially.
A市的公立学校的资金大多是来自地产税。最近政府计划不再用征收的地产税来负担公立学校，而采取对所有的零售商品税收3%的销售税，并用这个税收来支付公立学校的费用。尽管这个销售税的收入是少于地产税的收入，但是这个举措不会让公立学校收到比以前更少的钱，因为数个大的零售公司会在A市开新店，这些店必定会吸引很多邻市的消费者前来购买商品，因为邻市的零售税以6%征收(也就是比A市高)。相应的，A地的销售税收入将显著增加。
In the argument given, the two potions in boldface play which of the following roles?
The first presents a plan that the argument seeks to defend against a certain criticism; the second gives part of the basis for that criticism. 第二个不是批评的一部分，而是反驳批评的理由。
The first presents a plan that the argument seeks to defend against a certain criticism; the second gives part of the basis for that defense. 正确。
The first presents a plan that the argument criticizes; the second is a consideration raised by the argument in support of that criticism. 第一个是作者支持的计划，第二个不仅不是反驳反而是支持这个计划的。
The first presents a plan that the argument criticizes; the second presents a consideration that has been raised against that criticism. 第一个是作者支持的，而非批评的;
The first presents a plan whose consequences the argument seeks to evaluate; the second is presented by the argument as one likely consequence that is undesirable. 第一个是作者支持的，而不是需要评价的;第二个是支持第一个的理由而不是不期望的结果。
Q20:
Environmental organizations want to preserve the land surrounding the Wilgrinn Wilderness Area from residential development. They plan to do this by purchasing that land from the farmers who own it. That plan is ill-conceived: if the farmers did sell their land, they would sell it to the highest bidder, and developers would outbid any other bidders. On the other hand, these farmers will never actually sell any of the land, provided that farming it remains viable. But farming will not remain viable if the farms are left unmodernized, and most of the farmers lack the financial resources modernization requires. And that is exactly why a more sensible preservation strategy would be to assist the farmers to modernize their farms to the extent needed to maintain viability.
环境保护机构希望在W地区的外围地带不要成为住宅区。他们的计划是将那些地从现在的业主---一些农民那儿买下来。这个计划不是个好计划的。如果农民真的要卖他们的地，他们会卖给出价最高的买主，而那些房屋发展商会出最高价。另一方面，只要这些土地是有能种植可能的话，这些农民其实不会真正地出卖他们的土地。但是如果不现代化种植，土地就会变得没有用了。但是大部分农民是没有经济能力来现代化种植的。这就是为什么一个更明智的保护策略是资助这些农民去现代化他们的农场以延续土地的可耕性。
In the argument as a whole, the two boldface proportions play which of the following roles?
The first presents a goal that the argument rejects as ill-conceived; the second is evidence that is presented as grounds for that rejection. 第一个是应该要达到的目的，只是后面所涉及的第一个实现手段是ill-conceived，而并非这个目标本身。第二个是第二个计划可以实施的前提，而不是rejection的依据。
The first presents a goal that the argument concludes cannot be attained; the second is a reason offered in support of that conclusion. 第一个是要达到的目标，后面的内容是讨论如何才能达到，而并没有任何信息告诉我们不能达到;
The first presents a goal that the argument concludes can be attained; the second is a judgment disputing that conclusion. 第一个和第二个之间没有dispute的关系。
The first presents a goal, strategies for achieving which are being evaluated in the argument; the second is a judgment providing a basis for the argument’s advocacy of a particular strategy. 正确。
The first presents a goal that the argument endorses; the second presents a situation that the argument contends must be changed if that goal is to be met in the foreseeable future.第一个是目标，而二个具体方案实施的基础。
Q22:
In each of the past five years, Barraland’s prison population has increased. Yet, according to official government statistics, for none of those years has there been either an increase in the number of criminal cases brought to trial, or an increase in the rate at which convictions have been obtained. Clearly, therefore, the percentage of people convicted of crimes who are being given prison sentences is on the increase.
过去五年，B地的监狱关押人数增加了。但是根据官方数据，这些年里受审的案件并没有增多，嫌疑人被定罪的比率也没有上升。所以，在被定罪的娣人中被判入狱的比例增加了。
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
In Barraland the range of punishments that can be imposed instead of a prison sentence is wide. B地除了判入狱外还有其它多项选择作为惩罚措施。明显既不加强也不削弱，无关
Over the last ten years, overcrowding in the prisons of Barraland has essentially been eliminated as a result of an ambitious program of prison construction. 监狱变没变大和盘判入狱的比率增加与否没有联系，无关。
Ten years ago, Barraland reformed its criminal justice system, imposing longer minimum sentences for those crimes for which a prison sentence had long been mandatory.就是说关在里面的犯人呆的时间比以前长了，造成的局面是新的进去旧的没放出来。也就是说和判入狱的比率是没有关系的。正确。
Barraland has been supervising convicts on parole more closely in recent years, with the result that parole violations have become significantly less frequent. 假释后表现好就没有再关进来，就是说关在监狱里面的人少有是假释出去后又被关进来的。但是仍然没有说明关的人多是不是因为判进狱的人多了造成的。无关。
The number of people in Barraland who feel that crime is on the increase is significantly greater now than it was five years ago. 人们觉得犯罪率高或低和法院判入狱没有必然联系。无关。
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