下面的练习是OG13中的逻辑题目，题目对应原书中的题号，如果大家有对应版本或者更新的版本可以稍作参考。
1、支持
Snowmaking machines work by spraying a mist that freezes immediately on contact with cold air. Because the sudden freezing kills bacteria, QuickFreeze is planning to market a wastewater purification system that works on the same principle. The process works only when temperatures are cold, however, so municipalities using it will still need to maintain a conventional system.
Which of the following, if true, provides the strongest grounds for a prediction that municipalities will buy QuickFreeze's purification system despite the need to maintain a conventional purification system as well?
Bacteria are not the only impurities that must be removed from wastewater.
Many municipalities have old wastewater purification systems that need to be replaced.
Conventional wastewater purification systems have not been fully successful in killing bacteria at cold temperatures.
During times of warm weather, when it is not in use, QuickFreeze's purification system requires relatively little maintenance.
Places where the winters are cold rarely have a problem of water shortage.
①答案：C
②题干逻辑关系：因果
③考点：支持类题目
④选项分析：造雪机通过喷撒一层接触到冷空气后立即凝固的薄雾来运作，这种突然的水汽凝固可以杀灭细菌。QF 公司计划销售一种基于这种原理的废水净化系统 。但是由于这种灭菌过程只能在低温下运作，所以运用这种系统的市政机关还是需要维持传统的净化系统。
要证明运用新系统的市政机关还是需要维持传统的净化系统必须找出有力的现象来支持结论。A选项的only太过于绝对话，且只是说细菌自身的特性，与问题无关。B选项给出的是反对理由，因为如果很多市政原有的旧废水净化系统需要更新，那么新系统可以代替老系统，而不需要新旧系统同时使用。D选项无关或给出的信息不影响推理,没有和推理中的元素 link 起来，只是单纯地说QF废水净化系统需不需要保养的问题，与问题无关。E选项说冬天比较冷的地方很少会有水资源短缺的问题，与结论无关。C选项正确。
⑤时长：3分
2. 缺陷
Homeowners aged 40 to 50 are more likely to purchase ice cream and are more likely to purchase it in larger amounts than are members of any other demographic group. The popular belief that teenagers eat more ice cream than adults must, therefore, be false.
The argument is flawed primarily because the author
fails to distinguish between purchasing and consuming
does not supply information about homeowners in age groups other than 40 to 50
depends on popular belief rather than on documented research findings
does not specify the precise amount of ice cream purchased by any demographic group
discusses ice cream rather than more nutritious and healthful foods
①答案：C
②题干逻辑关系：因果
③考点：逻辑缺陷题中的因果关系类题目
④选项分析：The argument is flawed primarily because the author中is flawed表明其为逻辑缺陷题。选项B：题干已给出40至50岁的家长比任何其他年龄段的人买的都多，而且即使给出其他年龄段人的喜好相关信息，仍然不能支持结论。其它选项分别讲的是大众观点、任何人购买冰激凌的准确数量以及营养健康食品与结论无关。只有选项A对成年人买冰激凌和吃冰激凌之间的关系进行了解释，所以正确。
⑤时长：3分
3. 解释
Suncorp, a new corporation with limited funds, has been clearing large sections of the tropical Amazon forest for cattle ranching. This practice continues even though greater profits can be made from rubber tapping, which does not destroy the forest, than from cattle ranching, which does destroy the forest.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain why Suncorp has been pursuing the less profitable of the two economic activities mentioned above?
The soil of the Amazon forest is very rich innutrients that are important in the development of grazing lands.
Cattle-ranching operations that are located intropical climates are more profitable than cattle-ranching operations that are located in cold-weather climates.
In certain districts, profits made from cattle ranching are more heavily taxed than profits made from any other industry.
Some of the cattle that are raised on land cleared in the Amazon are killed by wildcats.
The amount of money required to begin a rubber-tapping operation is twice as high as the amount needed to begin a cattle ranch.
② 案：E
②题干逻辑关系：对比
③考点：解释题中的解释现象
④选项分析：橡胶开发作业不仅不损害雨林而且盈利多，但是这一公司却选用了畜牧业这个相比之下既损害雨林盈利又少的项目，要解释这一现象就要挖掘隐含的信息。选项E解释开始橡胶开发作业的初始资金需求是开始畜牧业的两倍。启动资金少，所以选择畜牧业，尽管它的利润少。而且文章说的很清楚，这个公司资金是有限的。所以很可能没有足够多的资金用于建立橡胶开发。很充分地解释了这一现象，是正确的。选项A只解释了为什么畜牧业有利可图，不能解释为什么选择利润相对少的畜牧业。选项B只关心热带地区公司，和寒冷地区公司不相关，选项里的比较没有意义。选项C和选项D的解释与结论相反。畜牧业税收重，更不应该选择畜牧业，不能解释为什么选择。
⑤时长：3分
4. 缺陷
According to a prediction of the not-so-distant future published in 1940, electricity would revolutionize agriculture. Electrodes would be inserted into the soil, and the current between them would kill bugs and weeds and make crop plants stronger.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly indicates that the logic of the prediction above is flawed?
In order for farmers to avoid electric shock while working in the fields, the current could be turned off at such times without diminishing the intended effects.
If the proposed plan for using electricity were put into practice, farmers would save on chemicals now being added to the soil.
It cannot be taken for granted that the use of electricity is always beneficial.
Since weeds are plants, electricity would affect weeds in the same way as it would affect crop plants.
Because a planting machine would need to avoid coming into contact with the electrodes, new parts for planting machines would need to be designed.
①答案：D
②题干逻辑关系：因果关系
③考点：逻辑缺陷题中的因果关系类题目
④选项分析：Which of the following, if true, most strongly indicates that the logic of the prediction above is flawed? 中的is flawed表明是缺陷类题目。要找出题目中阐述的现象的缺陷，就要在两段搭桥将两者连接起来。
⑤时长：3分
5. 削弱
A company is considering changing its policy concerning daily working hours. Currently, this company requires all employees to arrive at work at 8 a.m. The proposed policy would permit each employee to decide when to arrive—from as early as 6 a.m. to as late as 11 a.m.
The adoption of this policy would be most likely to decrease employees' productivity if the employees' job functions required them to
work without interruption from other employees
consult at least once a day with employees from other companies
submit their work for a supervisor's eventual approval
interact frequently with each other throughout the entire workday
undertake projects that take several days to complete
①答案：D
②题干逻辑关系：因果关系
③考点：削弱题中的因果关系类题目
④选项分析：经过题目分析可初步得出原因：采取新的上班政策。结果：员工生产率降低。思路：新政策如何使员工生产率降低?选项A说员工工作不受别人打扰，与结论员工生产率降低，意思相反，所以错误。选项B与结论无关。选项C提交作业给督导，也与结论无关。选项D频繁的与其他员工交流沟通，是说如果需要与其他员工交流，那么每个人到达的时间不同就不能达到这个requirement，从而降低了效率。选项正确。
⑤时长：3分。
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