本节课的主要内容是归纳题型讲解，教大家熟悉这一类文章的特点并掌握正确的应对方法，顺利解答此类型的文章题目。快速突破GMAT阅读之归纳题型讲解，一起去看看吧。
特点：归纳题的解题思路是自上而下，即假设段落的推理成立，从段落推理中推出某些结果。归纳与假设、支持、反对、评价题型的最大差异在于：归纳的段落推理是肯定成立的推理，因此归纳是从上面段落中必然能得到什么，我们不能怀疑段落推理的合理性;而假设、支持、反对、评价考题所面临的段落是有待评价的推理，因此这四类考题是让我们从五个选项中选择一个选项放到段落中对段落推理起到一定作用。
归纳题的问题标志词：conclude/conclusion infer, imply, must be true, support/supported
1. 直接推断：这类题型的具体形式是：以题干为前提，要求在选项中确定合乎逻辑的结论;或者从题干出发，不可能推出什么样的结论。解决直接推断型考题，考生只需运用日常逻辑推理就可以找到答案，几乎没有什么技巧而言。
例1.为降低成本，华强生公司考虑对中层管理者大幅减员。这一减员准备按如下方法完成:首先让50岁以上、工龄满15年者提前退休，然后解雇足够多的其他人，使员工总数缩减为以前的50%。 以下各项如果为真，则都可能是公司这一计划的缺点，除了哪一项
A.由于人心浮动，经过该次减员后员工的忠诚度将会下降。
B.管理工作的改革将迫使商业团体适应商业环境的变化。正确。
C.公司可以从中选拔未来高层经理人员的候选人将减少。
D.有些最好的管理人员在不知道其是否会被解雇的情况下选择提前退休。。
E.剩下的管理人员的工作负担加重，使他们产生过分的压力而最终影响其表现。
例2. 各品种的葡萄中都存在着一种化学物质，这种物质能有效地减少人血液中的胆固醇。这种物质也存在于各类红酒和葡萄汁中，但白酒中不存在。红酒和葡萄汁都是用完整的葡萄做原料制作的;白酒除了用粮食做原料外，也用水果做原料，但和红酒不同，白酒在以水果做原料时，必须除去其表皮。 以上信息最能支持以下哪项结论?(E )
A.用做制酒的葡萄的表皮都是红色的
B.经常喝白酒会增加血液中的胆固醇
C.食用葡萄本身比饮用由葡萄制作的红酒或葡萄汁更有利于减少血液中的胆固醇.
D. 能有效地减少血液中胆固醇的化学物质，只存在于葡萄之中，不存在于粮食作物之中。
E.能有效地减少血液中胆固醇的化学物质，只存在于葡萄的表皮之中，而不存在于葡萄的其他部分中
例3. Dormitories range from two to six stories in height. If a dormitory room is above the second floor, it has a fire escape. If the statements above are true, which of the following must also be true?
A Second-floor dormitory rooms do not have fire escapes.
B Third-floor dormitory rooms do not have fire escapes.
C Only dormitory rooms above the second floor have fire escapes.
D Fourth-floor dormitory rooms have fire escapes.正确。
E Some two-story dormitories do not have fire escapes.更多相关内容请点击》利用推理关系解答GMAT阅读类比题。
2.必要条件：在很多条件下，归纳的推断类题目答案为段落推理的一个隐含假设，可以把他转化为假设去思考。
例4. Politician: Unless our nation redistributes wealth, we will be unable to alleviate economic injustice and our current system will lead inevitably to intolerable economic inequities. If the inequities become intolerable, those who suffer from the injustice will retort to violence to coerce social reform. It is our nation's responsibility to do whatever is necessary to alleviate conditions that would otherwise give rise to violent attempts at social reform.
The statements above logically commit the politician to which one of the following conclusions?
(A) The need for political reform never justifies a resort to violent remedies.
(B) It is our nation's responsibility to redistribute wealth. 正确
(C) Politicians must base decisions on political expediency rather than on abstract moral principles.
(D) Economic injustice need not be remedied unless it leads to intolerable social conditions. (E) All that is required to create conditions of economic justice is the redistribution of wealth.
3. 逆否命题。由于归纳题的答案是从段落中必然得到的，所以段落中的原命题的逆否命题往往是正确答案。
例5. There is little point in looking to artists for insights into political issues. Most of them hold political views that are less insightful than those of any reasonably well-educated person who is not an artist. Indeed, when taken as a whole, the statements made by artists, including those considered to be great, indicate that artistic talent and political insight are rarely found together. Which one of the following can be inferred from the passage?
(A) There are no artists who have insights into political issues.
(B) A thorough education in art makers a person reasonably well educated.
(C) Every reasonably well-educated person who is not an artist has more insight into political issues than any artist.
(D) Politicians rarely have any artistic talent.
(E) Some artists are no less politically insightful than some reasonably well-educated persons who are not artists.正确
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