推断题是GMAT阅读中出现频率较高的一类题型,通常包含infer等词的题一般都是推断题,掌握推断题的正确解法是保证阅读正确率的有效手段。本文为大家带来GMAT阅读推断题OG13真题解析,希望对大家备考有帮助。
推理题是要求考生根据文章的已知内容进行合理的推理判断,绝对不是凭空的猜测,臆断。考生在做题时要注意基于原文进行发散思维,不要脱离做题根本。这类问题的答案虽然在原文中作者已经强烈的暗示了,但是并没有明确的阐明,需要考生自己去推测。考生在解答具体的推理题目时要认真对题干,然后提取出有效的信息,并结合文章提到的具体句子做出合理的推测,然后结合选项对错误答案进行排除。下面小编将结合OG13中的推断题为大家详细讲解一下:
All the cells in a particular plant start out with the same complement of genes. How then can these cells differentiate and form structures as different as roots, stems, leaves, and fruits? The answer is that only a small subset of the genes in a particular kind of cell are expressed, or turned on, at a given time. This is accomplished by a complex system of chemical messengers that in plants include hormones and other regulatory molecules. Five major hormones have been identified: auxin, abscise acid, cytokine, ethylene, and gibberellins Studies of plants have now identified a new class of regulatory molecules called oligosaccharins …Such a hierarchy may also exist in plants. Oligo¬saccharins are fragments of the cell wall released by enzymes: different enzymes release different oligosaccharins. There are indications that pleiotropic plant hormones may actually function by activating the enzymes that release these other, more specific chemical messengers from the cell wall.
1. 判断文章结构
问题解答型(How then can these cells differentiate and form structures as different as roots, stems, leaves, and fruits?)
2. 分析文章脉络
1)第一段提出问题和答案—即结论。一棵植物中的所有细胞都开始于一套完整的基因。这些细胞是怎样分化成不同的细胞从而形成根、茎、叶和果实的呢?这是因为在特定时期一种细胞中只有一小部分基因在表达或表现。这是通过植物中激素及其它调控分子等复杂的化学信息系统实现的。是通过植物中的五种荷尔蒙和新的调控分子寡聚糖素实现的。
2)第二段提五种荷尔蒙与寡聚糖素(OLI)的不同所在及特点,并举例说明。
3)第三段指出五种荷尔蒙的特点与动物体内荷尔蒙类似,并举例说明。通过动物荷尔蒙例子说明有一种激素层级。
4)第四段指出这种层级也适用于植物。通过对OLI的说明反过来支持第一段的答案——即结论。更多相关内容请点击》GMAT阅读读不懂怎么破解。
3. 问题解答:
129. The passage suggests that the place of hypothalamic hormones in the hormonal hierarchies of animals is similar to the place of which of the following in plants?
(A) Plant cell walls.
(B) The complement of genes in each plant cell
(C) A subset of a plant cell’s gene complement
(D) The five major hormones
(E) The oligosaccharins
考点分析:推断题
选项解析:
提到动物与植物相似性的就是在第三四段,所以定位三四段查找相关内容。在动物体内 hypothalamic hormones 刺激anterior lobe of the pituitary gland化合和释放different hormones,这些hormones再刺激hormones from the adrenal cortex的释放。hypothalamic hormones处于荷尔蒙释放的第一层。在植物体内:pleiotropic plant hormones 刺激 enzymes,enzymes再释放other, more specific chemical messengers from the cell wall. pleiotropic plant hormones也处在荷尔蒙释放的第一层。所以hypothalamic hormones的位置与pleiotropic plant hormones 即第二段提到的五种主要荷尔蒙的位置一样,因此答案为D,其他选项都是无关选项。
以上是关于GMAT阅读推断题OG13真题解析的详细内容,希望大家也能从中受益,不断改进自己的备考方法提升备考效率,从而写出漂亮的文章获得满意的成绩。更多相关内容百利天下小编会持续为大家送上,祝大家都能早日梦圆名校。
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